高能气体压裂在油气井开采过程中的应用研究

Research on the Application of High-Energy Gas Fracturing in the Exploitation of Oil and Gas Wells

摘要: 由于高能气体压裂可产生不受主应力控制的分支裂缝，常被应用于老井改造中，尤其对于油气层内改造、层内定向压裂具有无可替代的优势。本文比较了爆炸压裂、高能气体压裂、水力压裂三者在储层改造中的作用效果。试验说明高能气体压裂可在较短时间内增加井眼内峰值压力，压裂造缝作用可分为三个阶段，其中第二阶段为压力缓慢上升阶段，该阶段储层可产生多条裂缝。高能气体压裂在保证产生多条不易闭合裂缝的同时，可将裂缝延伸至数米之外，采用该方法增加了储层改造体积。

Abstract: Due to the fact that high-energy gas fracturing can generate branch fractures that are not controlled by the principal stress, it is often applied in the renovation of old wells, especially in the internal renovation of oil and gas layers and directional fracturing within the layer, where it has irreplaceable advantages. This paper compares the effects of explosive fracturing, high-energy gas fracturing, and hydraulic fracturing in reservoir renovation. The experiments show that high-energy gas fracturing can increase the peak pressure in the wellbore within a relatively short period of time. The fracturing and crack formation process can be divided into three stages, among which the second stage is a period of slow pressure increase, during which multiple fractures can be generated in the reservoir. High-energy gas fracturing can ensure the generation of multiple fractures that are not easily closed, and extend the fractures to several meters away. By using this method, the volume of reservoir renovation is increased.