氧化槐定碱的药理作用及其分子机制研究进展

Research Progress on the Pharmacological Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Oxysophoridine

摘要: 氧化槐定碱是从豆科槐属植物苦参(Sophora flavescens Ait.)或山豆根(Sophora subprostrata Chun et T. Chen)中提取分离得到的生物碱，是槐定碱(Sophoridine)的氧化衍生物，属于喹诺里西啶类生物碱，也是苦参总碱的重要活性成分之一，具有毒性低、副作用小，安全性高等优势。研究表明，氧化槐定碱具有镇痛、抗肿瘤、抗心律失常、抗炎及抑制中枢神经系统等多种药理作用。本文将对近年来氧化槐定碱的药理作用及其分子机制的研究进行归纳总结，以期为氧化槐定碱的开发与临床应用提供理论依据。

Abstract: Oxysophoridine, a quinolizidine alkaloid derived from the traditional Chinese herbs Sophora flavescens Ait. (Kushen) or Sophora subprostrata Chun et T. Chen, is an oxidized derivative of sophoridine and a key active component of the total alkaloids from Sophora flavescens. Characterized by low toxicity and high safety. Studies have shown that oxysophocarpine exerts a variety of pharmacological effects, including analgesia, anti-tumor activity, anti-arrhythmia, anti-inflammation, and central nervous system depression. This compound has been shown to possess a variety of pharmacological effects. This article summarizes recent research on the pharmacological activities of oxysophoridine and their underlying molecular mechanisms, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for its further development and clinical application.