细胞因子IL-6、IL-8在职业性粉尘暴露群体 肺功能损伤中的研究分析

Study and Analysis of Cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 in Pulmonary Function Injury Induced by Occupational Dust Exposure

摘要: 目的：通过分析IL-6、IL-8表达水平与肺功能损伤程度的相关性，探讨IL-6和IL-8在职业性粉尘暴露人群肺功能损伤中的作用，评估其作为早期肺功能损伤生物标志物的诊断潜力。方法：收集2023年6月至12月在太原市某煤矿区有粉尘暴露史的160名工人作为接尘组，另选80名同矿区无粉尘暴露史的健康体检者作为对照组，测定血清中IL-6、IL-8、TGF-β1、TNF-α的水平与肺功能指标，并分析其相关性。结果：接尘组的FVC%、FEV1%和FEV1/FVC显著低于对照组(P < 0.05)，IL-6和IL-8水平显著高于对照组(P < 0.05)；IL-6、IL-8水平分别与FEV1%、FEV1/FVC呈负相关(P < 0.05)，其中IL-6与FEV1%的相关性(r = −0.419)呈中等强度负相关，IL-8与FEV1%的相关性(r = −0.250)呈弱负相关；TGF-β1、TNF-α分别与FVC%、FEV1%、FEV1/FVC均无相关关系(P > 0.05)。肺损伤组和未损伤组在工龄、IL-6和IL-8表达上差异显著(P < 0.05)。结论：煤矿作业环境中的粉尘暴露者血清IL-6、IL-8升高与肺功能下降呈负相关，可考虑作为早期评估接尘工人肺部健康的潜在生物标志物。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the roles of IL-6 and IL-8 in pulmonary function impairment among occupationally dust-exposed individuals by analyzing the correlation between the expression levels of IL-6 and IL-8 and the degree of pulmonary function decline, and to evaluate their diagnostic potential as early biomarkers of lung function injury. Methods: From June to December 2023, a total of 160 workers with a history of dust exposure in a coal mining area of Taiyuan City were recruited as the dust-exposed group, and another 80 healthy individuals from the same mining area without a history of dust exposure were selected as the control group. Serum levels of IL-6, IL-8, TGF-β1, and TNF-α were measured, along with pulmonary function parameters, and their correlations were analyzed. Results: Compared to the control group, the dust-exposed group exhibited significantly lower FVC%, FEV1%, and FEV1/FVC values (P < 0.05), along with significantly higher levels of IL-6 and IL-8 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed that the levels of both IL-6 and IL-8 were negatively correlated with FEV1% and FEV1/FVC (P < 0.05), showing a moderate negative correlation (r = −0.419) for IL-6 with FEV1%, and a weak negative correlation (r = −0.250) for IL-8 with FEV1%, whereas no significant correlation was found between TGF-β1 or TNF-α levels and FVC%, FEV1%, or FEV1/FVC (P > 0.05). Moreover, significant differences were observed between the lung injury and non-injury subgroups in terms of work years and the expression levels of IL-6 and IL-8 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Elevated serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels in dust-exposed workers in the coal mining environment are negatively correlated with declines in pulmonary function, suggesting that they may be considered as potential biomarkers for early assessment of lung health in dust-exposed workers.