同质化困境与路径突破——基于39所“双一流”高校信息类工程硕士培养目标的文本分析

The Dilemma of Homogenization and Path Breakthroughs—A Textual Analysis of Training Objectives for Information Engineering Master’s Programs at 39 “Double First-Class” Universities

摘要: 硕士研究生培养目标的设置体现了各高校对自身教育活动的基本认识，是基本原则和重要起点。在信息技术不断深入发展的时代，信息类硕士研究生的培养是能否为社会长远发展持续稳定提供信息类高层次人才供给的关键所在。而目前我国的信息类硕士研究生存在着培养错位和同质化发展倾向，运用Python编程语言对我国39所“双一流”高校信息类学硕与专硕的培养目标文本进行分析可以发现，我国高校信息类学硕与专硕在人才培养目标设计在知识和能力培养上均强调知识与技能并重、社会性、独立性与创新性，有较鲜明的学科特征。二者的区别主要在职业发展和要求等方面。同时，存在对培养目标的重视程度不够、培养目标的同质性严重、缺乏引领性等问题，未来一段时期我国高校信息类硕士研究生人才培养目标应实现培养目标公开化、具体化，引领学科发展的改革方向。

Abstract: The formulation of training objectives for postgraduates reflects universities’ fundamental understanding of educational activities and serves as a vital starting point. Amid the advancement of information technology, training information-related postgraduates is critical to sustaining a stable supply of high-level professionals for long-term social development. However, current education in this field faces issues of mismatched orientation and homogenization. Through textual analysis of training objectives for academic and professional master’s programs in information disciplines across 39 “double first-class” universities using Python, this study finds that both programs emphasize the integration of knowledge and skills, along with the cultivation of sociality, independence and innovation, featuring distinct disciplinary characteristics. Their main differences lie in career orientation and requirements. Meanwhile, deficiencies such as insufficient emphasis, severe homogenization and inadequate guiding significance persist. In the future, universities should reform these objectives to be more open and specific, so as to lead disciplinary development.