荧光定量PCR技术在血液斑迹离体时间推断中的应用
Application of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Technology in Estimation of Time Since Deposition of Blood Stain
DOI: 10.12677/hjbm.2026.163052, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 朱晨露, 穆 恺, 孙 鹏：北华大学林学院，吉林 吉林；杨雪莹, 张 瑾：公安部鉴定中心，北京；王金玲, 王瑞俭*：北华大学林学院，吉林 吉林；吉林省林业生物技术工程研究中心，吉林 吉林
关键词: 荧光定量PCR；血液斑迹；遗留时间；RNA降解；生物标记；法医学；Quantitative Real-Time PCR； Blood Stains； Time Since Deposition； RNA Degradation； Biomarkers； Forensic Science
摘要: 血液斑迹遗留时间(TSD)推断是法医物证检验中的关键问题，对案件发生时间的确定和犯罪现场重建具有重要意义。随着分子生物学技术的快速发展，基于荧光定量PCR (qPCR)技术的RNA降解分析方法已成为血液斑迹TSD推断的重要研究方向。本文系统综述了荧光定量PCR技术在血液斑迹遗留时间推断中的研究进展，包括技术原理、RNA生物标志物筛选、环境影响因素、数学模型构建及未来发展方向，以期为法医实践提供参考。
Abstract: Estimation of Time Since Deposition (TSD) of blood stain is a key problem in forensic certification testing. It is important for establishing the time of the case and reconstructing the crime scene. With the rapid development of molecular biology technology, the RNA degradation analysis method based on Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR) technology has become an important research direction for the TSD inference of blood stains. This paper provides a systematic review of the research progress of qPCR technology in the inference of blood stains, including the technical principle, the screening of the RNA biomarkers, the influence of environmental factors, the mathematical model construction and the future development direction, in order to provide a reference for forensic practice.
文章引用：朱晨露, 穆恺, 杨雪莹, 张瑾, 王金玲, 孙鹏, 王瑞俭. 荧光定量PCR技术在血液斑迹离体时间推断中的应用[J]. 生物医学, 2026, 16(3): 499-507. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjbm.2026.163052

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