人口老龄化视域下“三农”问题的新挑战与治理路径研究

New Challenges and Governance Paths of the “Three Rural” Issues from the Perspective of Population Aging

摘要: 随着我国人口结构的深刻变化，人口老龄化问题不断加剧，农村地区老龄化程度尤为突出。农村人口老龄化不仅改变了传统农村社会结构，也对农业生产方式、农村社会治理以及乡村振兴战略的实施产生了深远影响。从“三农”问题视角出发，农村人口老龄化已成为影响农业现代化和乡村社会可持续发展的重要因素。本文在梳理我国农村人口老龄化现状的基础上，结合乡村振兴战略背景，分析人口老龄化对农业生产、农村社会结构以及基层治理带来的新挑战，并从完善农村养老体系、推进农业现代化、加强农村社会治理以及促进城乡融合发展等方面提出相应的治理路径，以期为积极应对人口老龄化背景下的“三农”问题提供理论参考和政策启示。

Abstract: With the profound changes in China’s demographic structure, population aging has been intensifying, and the aging level in rural areas is particularly prominent. The aging of the rural population has not only transformed the traditional rural social structure, but also exerted a far-reaching impact on agricultural production modes, rural social governance, and the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. From the perspective of the “Three Rural” Issues, rural population aging has become an important factor affecting agricultural modernization and the sustainable development of rural society. Based on reviewing the current situation of rural population aging in China and against the background of the rural revitalization strategy, this paper analyzes the new challenges brought by population aging to agricultural production, rural social structure and grassroots governance. It then puts forward corresponding governance paths in terms of improving the rural elderly care system, advancing agricultural modernization, strengthening rural social governance, and promoting the integrated development of urban and rural areas, so as to provide theoretical references and policy implications for actively addressing the “Three Rural” Issues under the background of population aging.