PPP模式下工程投融资法律风险识别与应对机制研究

Research on Identification and Response Mechanism of Legal Risks in Engineering Investment and Financing under PPP Mode

摘要: PPP模式是公共基础设施建设的重要制度创新，但其投融资涉及多方主体利益与复杂法律关系，项目全生命周期存在多种复合型法律风险，影响项目实施与稳定运营。本文采用案例分析法，梳理风险成因、表现及影响，以法治化思路构建法律体系、风险评估与政府监管相结合的防控体系，提出跨部门协同、第三方评估与大数据监测等路径。研究表明，多方协同与法治监管可在保障社会资本收益的同时降低风险，为PPP模式规范化、法治化发展提供参考。

Abstract: The Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model represents a significant institutional innovation in public infrastructure development. However, its financing and investment processes involve complex legal relationships among multiple stakeholders, with multifaceted legal risks throughout the project lifecycle that may impede implementation and stable operations. This study employs case studies to examine risk causes, manifestations, and impacts. By adopting a legal framework approach, it establishes a comprehensive risk prevention system integrating legal frameworks, risk assessment, and government oversight, while proposing pathways including cross-departmental collaboration, third-party evaluations, and big data monitoring. Research findings demonstrate that multi-stakeholder coordination coupled with legal supervision can mitigate risks while safeguarding social capital returns, providing actionable insights for standardizing and advancing the legal governance of PPP models.