基于HFACS-PE模型的川航3U8633航班成功备降人为因素解析与安全启示

Analysis of Human Factors in the Successful Diversion of Sichuan Airlines Flight 3U8633 and Its Safety Implications Based on the HFACS-PE Model

摘要: 为填补传统Safety-I安全管理理念及HFACS模型聚焦失效、缺乏正向经验系统化分析工具的缺口，本文以川航3U8633航班遭遇极端险情成功备降案例为对象，立足Safety-II理念，采用HFACS-PE模型开展实证研究。结果表明，正向组织支持、安全监督保障、良好行为前提与核心安全行为是成功备降的关键因素，据此从以上四个维度提出针对性优化建议。研究证实，HFACS-PE模型可有效提炼成功经验，推动航空安全管理从“规避失败”向“复制成功”转型，为构建韧性安全体系提供理论与实践支撑。

Abstract: To address the gap that traditional Safety-I safety management philosophy and the HFACS model focus on failures and lack systematic analytical tools for positive experiences, this study takes the successful emergency landing case of Sichuan Airlines Flight 3U8633 which encountered an extreme emergency as the research object. Based on the Safety-II philosophy, empirical research is conducted using the HFACS-PE model. The results show that positive organizational support, safety supervision guarantee, favorable preconditions for safe behaviors, and core safe behaviors are the key factors for the successful emergency landing, and targeted optimization suggestions are proposed accordingly. The study confirms that the HFACS-PE model can effectively extract successful experiences, promote the transformation of aviation safety management from “avoiding failures” to “replicating successes”, and provide theoretical and practical support for establishing a resilient safety system.