高尿酸血症发病机制及相关影响因素研究综述
Review on the Pathogenesis and Related Influencing Factors of Hyperuricemia
DOI: 10.12677/md.2026.163040, PDF,   
作者: 周丹瑶：云南师范大学生命科学学院，云南 昆明；西南联合研究生院，云南 昆明
关键词: 高尿酸血症；发病机制；尿酸酶；尿酸转运蛋白；Hyperuricemia； Pathogenesis； Uricase； Uric Acid Transporter
摘要: 随着生活水平的提高人类饮食结构发生巨大的改变，再加上在进化过程中缺失了能把尿酸氧化为可溶性的尿囊素的尿酸酶，患高尿酸血症的人群逐年增多。高尿酸血症是由血清尿酸生成过多或肾脏尿酸排泄受阻导致的，而血清尿酸浓度以及肾脏对尿酸的调节是由多个基因和环境因素共同调控的，基因和环境的相互作用推动了今天的高尿酸血症的流行。本文综述了影响高尿酸血症的饮食习惯；人类尿酸酶基因突变的进化原因；调节尿酸合成和与尿酸排泄相关的基因。为高尿酸血症的发病机制及研究方向提供了一定的见解。
Abstract: With the improvement of living standards, the structure of human diet has undergone great changes, coupled with the absence of uricase which can oxidize uric acid to soluble allantoin in the evolution process, the number of people suffering from hyperuricemia has increased year by year. Hyperuricemia is caused by excessive production of serum uric acid or blocked excretion of renal uric acid, and the concentration of serum uric acid and the regulation of renal uric acid are jointly regulated by multiple genes and environmental factors, and the interaction of genes and environment promotes the prevalence of hyperuricemia today. This paper reviews the dietary habits that affect hyperuricemia. The evolutionary causes of human uricase gene mutation; Genes that regulate uric acid synthesis and are associated with uric acid excretion. It provides some insights into the pathogenesis and research direction of hyperuricemia.
文章引用：周丹瑶. 高尿酸血症发病机制及相关影响因素研究综述[J]. 医学诊断, 2026, 16(3): 306-315. https://doi.org/10.12677/md.2026.163040

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