基于FDTD的金核银壳纳米星等离子体特性及SERS增强性能研究
Study on Plasmonic Properties and SERS Enhancement Performance of Gold-Core Silver-Shell Nanostars Based on FDTD
DOI: 10.12677/app.2026.166055, PDF,    国家自然科学基金支持
作者: 孙亚江：天津工业大学物理科学与技术学院，天津
关键词: 金纳米星；金核银壳纳米星；局域表面等离子体共振；SERS增强；Gold Nanostars； Au@Ag Nanostars； Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance； SERS Enhancement
摘要: 金纳米星因其多分支各向异性结构与显著的尖端局域电场增强效应，是表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)基底的核心等离子体结构之一。本文采用时域有限差分法(FDTD)，系统构建了金纳米星(AuNS)与金核银壳纳米星(Au@AgNS)的三维仿真模型，研究了分支数量、银壳厚度对结构局域表面等离子体共振(LSPR)特性、近场电场分布及SERS增强性能的调控规律。结果表明，8分支金纳米星具有最优的LSPR特性，其共振峰位与785 nm商用激发光高度匹配，最大SERS电磁增强因子达3.2 × 107；在此基础上构建的5 nm银壳厚度Au@AgNS结构，可进一步将增强因子提升至3.5 × 108，较纯金纳米星提升一个数量级。本文研究结果为高性能SERS基底的结构设计与参数优化提供了系统的理论支撑，为生物传感、农药残留检测等领域的SERS应用提供了新的结构方案。
Abstract: Gold nanostars, with their multi-branched anisotropic structure and prominent localized electric field enhancement effect at the tips, are one of the core plasmonic structures for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) substrates. In this work, we systematically constructed three-dimensional simulation models of gold nanostars (AuNSs) and gold-core silver-shell nanostars (Au@AgNSs) via the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method, and investigated the regulation rules of branch number and silver shell thickness on the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) characteristics, near-field electric field distribution and SERS enhancement performance of the nanostructures. The results demonstrate that the 8-branched AuNSs possess optimal LSPR properties, whose resonance peak position is highly matched with the 785 nm commercial excitation light, with a maximum SERS electromagnetic enhancement factor up to 3.2 × 10⁷. On this basis, the Au@AgNSs structure with a silver shell thickness of 5 nm was fabricated, which can further lift the enhancement factor to 3.5 × 10⁸, an order of magnitude higher than that of pure gold nanostars. The findings in this paper provide systematic theoretical support for the structural design and parameter optimization of high-performance SERS substrates, and offer a novel structural scheme for SERS applications in fields including biosensing and pesticide residue detection.
文章引用：孙亚江. 基于FDTD的金核银壳纳米星等离子体特性及SERS增强性能研究[J]. 应用物理, 2026, 16(6): 607-613. https://doi.org/10.12677/app.2026.166055

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