基于LDA模型的生态话语主题识别及演化的顺应性分析

Analysis of Ecological Discourse Theme Identification and Evolution Based on LDA Model from Linguistic Adaptation

摘要: 本研究以2016~2025年CNKI数据库生态话语期刊文献为语料，采用潜在狄利克雷分配(Latent Dirichlet Allocation, LDA)主题模型量化挖掘，结合顺应论四维框架系统探析其语用策略。研究发现：1) LDA模型识别出7个核心主题，分别为多模态生态话语、生态文明话语、生态语法、评价理论、企业生态话语、生态哲学、生态教育，其中评价理论、及物性系统为核心热点；2) 主题演化可划分为萌芽探索期(2016~2018)、多元发展期(2019~2022)、聚焦成熟期(2023~2025)三阶段；3) 语用预设策略呈现多维顺应特征，高频词与主题统计体现语言结构顺应，主题阶段性演化体现三维语境的动态顺应，主题强度凸显文化意识顺应。本研究实现计量方法与语用理论的深度融合，可为生态语言学学科建设、话语传播及相关研究提供参考。

Abstract: This study takes the journal literature on ecological discourse in the CNKI database from 2016 to 2025 as the corpus, and uses the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic model for quantitative mining. It combines the four-dimensional framework of the Adaptation Theory to systematically analyze its pragmatic strategies. The findings are as follows: 1) The LDA model identified seven core themes, namely multimodal ecological discourse, ecological civilization discourse, ecological grammar, Appraisal Theory, corporate ecological discourse, ecological philosophy, and ecological education, among which Appraisal Theory and the transitivity system are the core hotspots. 2) The theme evolution can be divided into three stages: the nascent exploration period (2016~2018), the diversified development period (2019~2022), and the focused maturity period (2023~2025). 3) The pragmatic strategies exhibit multi-dimensional adaptation features. The high-frequency words and theme statistics reflect the adaptation of language structure, the phased evolution of themes reflects the dynamic adaptation of the three-dimensional context, and the theme intensity highlights the adaptation of cultural awareness. This study achieves a deep integration of quantitative methods and pragmatic theories, which can provide references for the discipline construction of ecological linguistics, discourse dissemination, and related research.