从《德意志意识形态》看马克思历史唯物主义的创立逻辑

The Logic of the Establishment of Marx’s Historical Materialism as Seen from The German Ideology

摘要: 《德意志意识形态》是马克思历史唯物主义理论体系得以系统阐发的奠基性著作，清晰展现出这一科学世界观的形成逻辑。著作以清算青年黑格尔派唯心史观及费尔巴哈旧唯物主义为逻辑前提，确立“现实的个人”与物质生产实践两大核心范畴，阐明生产力与生产关系、经济基础与上层建筑的矛盾运动规律，最终论证人类解放的历史必然性。这一从批判到建构、从范畴厘定到规律揭示的逻辑进路，既还原了历史唯物主义的生成脉络，也为认识社会发展提供了科学方法论。

Abstract: The German Ideology is a foundational work that systematically expounds Marx’s theory of historical materialism, clearly demonstrating the formation logic of this scientific worldview. The work takes the logical premise of criticizing the idealist view of history of the Young Hegelians and the old materialism of Feuerbach, establishes the two core categories of “real individuals” and material production practice, clarifies the law of the contradictory movement between productive forces and production relations, and the economic base and the superstructure, and ultimately demonstrates the historical inevitability of human liberation. This logical approach from criticism to construction, from category definition to law revelation, not only restores the generative context of historical materialism but also provides a scientific methodology for understanding social development.