生态翻译学视角下杨、戴《故乡》译本的翻译策略研究

Eco-Translatology Perspective: A Study on Translation Strategies in Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang’s Version of My Old Home

摘要: 鲁迅先生的短篇小说《故乡》，是现代还乡叙事小说。学界学者们分别从不同角度对其进行了研究，但鲜有人从生态翻译学的视角研究。本研究将聚焦于生态翻译学的理论，以杨宪益、戴乃迭《故乡》英译本为例，在结合原文背景信息的前提下，分别从语言维、文化维和交际维三个维度分析译者所采用的翻译策略。译者在语言维度，利用词性转换，增译与意译法，解决句子冗杂等问题；译者在文化维度，采用直译法与替代译法，灵活翻译文化负载词，传递了西施等文化负载词的含义；译者在交际维度，使用替代译法和直译法，传递了原文讽刺等交际意图。

Abstract: Lu Xun’s short story My Old Home is a modern work of homecoming narrative fiction. While academic scholars have conducted extensive research on this work from diverse perspectives, few have explored it through the lens of eco-translatology. This study takes the theory of eco-translatology as its core framework, uses the English translation of My Old Home by Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang as a case study, and analyzes the translation strategies adopted by the translators from three dimensions—the linguistic dimension, the cultural dimension, and the communicative dimension with full consideration of the background information of the original text. In the linguistic dimension, the translators employ part-of-speech conversion, amplification and free translation to resolve issues such as redundant sentence structure; In the cultural dimension, they adopt literal translation and substitution translation to flexibly render culture-loaded terms, and accurately convey the connotation of culture-loaded terms including Xi Shi; In the communicative dimension, they utilize substitution translation and literal translation to deliver the communicative intentions of the original text, such as its satirical tone.