高血压患者血脂水平与动脉粥样硬化的 相关性研究

Study on the Correlation between Blood Lipid Level and Atherosclerosis in Patients with Hypertension

摘要: 本文旨在探讨高血压患者血脂水平与动脉粥样硬化的相关性，为临床早期干预提供依据。选取某三级医院2023年1月至2024年6月收治的120例高血压患者为研究对象，依据颈动脉超声结果分为动脉粥样硬化组68例与非动脉粥样硬化组52例，收集一般临床资料，检测总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平，采用Pearson相关分析与Logistic回归分析探讨指标相关性及影响因素。结果显示，动脉粥样硬化组年龄、高血压病程显著高于非动脉粥样硬化组，总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平更高，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平更低，差异均有统计学意义。Pearson相关分析提示，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与颈动脉内膜中层厚度呈最强正相关，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈负相关。Logistic回归分析显示，年龄、病程、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高为动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇为保护因素。高血压患者血脂异常与动脉粥样硬化密切相关，积极监测与调控血脂水平，可延缓动脉粥样硬化进展，降低心脑血管事件风险。

Abstract: This paper aims to explore the correlation between blood lipid level and atherosclerosis in patients with hypertension, so as to provide a basis for early clinical intervention. 120 patients with hypertension admitted to a tertiary hospital from January 2023 to June 2024 were selected as the research objects. According to the carotid ultrasound results, they were divided into 68 atherosclerosis patients and 52 non-atherosclerosis patients. General clinical data were collected, and the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were detected. Pearson correlation analysis and Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the correlation of indicators and influencing factors. The results showed that the age and duration of hypertension in the atherosclerosis group were significantly higher than those in the non-atherosclerosis group, and the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were higher, while the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were lower. The differences were statistically significant. Pearson correlation analysis suggests that low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is most strongly positively correlated with carotid intima-media thickness, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is negatively correlated. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, course of disease, and elevated LDL cholesterol were independent risk factors for atherosclerosis, while HDL cholesterol was a protective factor. The abnormal blood lipid in hypertensive patients is closely related to atherosclerosis. Active monitoring and regulation of blood lipid levels can delay the progression of atherosclerosis and reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.