我国商标先用权中“原使用范围”的认定研究

Research on the Determination of the “Original Scope of Use” in China’s Right of Prior Used Trademark

摘要: 2013年《中华人民共和国商标法》第三次修订新增了第五十九条第三款，即“商标先用权”条款，旨在通过赋予在先使用人一定程度上的先用权利来平衡其与商标注册权人之间的利益冲突。然而，这一条款实施后，由于法律规定的模糊性，关于商标先用权构成要件的理解与适用在理论界和实务界均呈现出不同程度的争议与分歧。基于此，本文将围绕如何认定商标先用权中的“原使用范围”展开，在明确商标先用权制度基础理论的基础之上，通过宏观数据与个案统计总结出制度适用现状及主要问题。随后参考国外的立法和司法经验并结合我国国情提出可行路径，增强商标先用权制度的可操作性，为市场经济的健康发展提供坚实的法律保障。

Abstract: The third amendment to Trademark Law of the People’s Republic of China in 2013 introduced Article 59(3), establishing the “prior use right of trademarks”. This provision aims to balance the conflict of interests between prior users and registered trademark holders by granting a certain degree of protection to prior users. However, due to the ambiguity of the statutory language, both theoretical and practical circles have exhibited divergent understandings and applications regarding the constituent elements of this right. Against this background, this paper focuses on the determination of the “original scope of use” within the prior use right of trademarks. On the basis of clarifying the fundamental theory of the prior use right system, it analyzes the current application status and major issues through macro-level data and case studies. Furthermore, by drawing on comparative legislative and judicial experiences from foreign jurisdictions and taking into account China’s national conditions, this paper proposes feasible approaches to enhance the operability of the prior use right system, thereby providing solid legal support for the sound development of the market economy.