量子信息科学专业《理论力学》课程教学改革探索

Teaching Reform of “Theoretical Mechanics” for the Major of Quantum Information Science

摘要: 《理论力学》作为理工科专业的一门核心基础课程，在培养学生数理建模、逻辑推理及物理思维能力方面发挥着重要作用，并逐步形成了较为成熟的教学体系。然而，随着量子信息科学这一新兴交叉学科的设立，其人才培养目标呈现出鲜明的跨学科特点，专业课程体系更加注重基础理论与技术实践的融合。因此，传统教学内容与教学重心也需要结合新专业需求进行进一步优化与重构。不同于工科侧重于解决工程应用问题的传统培养路径，量子信息专业更强调引导学生系统掌握分析力学的知识框架，着力培养其在科研探索与量子产业实践中所需的抽象建模能力和程序设计能力，从而提升学生职业发展的适应性与拓展空间。本文针对上述问题，基于对专业人才需求与能力素质要求的深度剖析，探讨了《理论力学》课程在教学内容重构、教学主线调整及与后续量子理论课程衔接等方面的改革路径。提出应弱化纯工程导向的计算，强化拉格朗日力学与哈密顿力学的核心地位，构建以物理建模和形式化描述为主线的教学体系。实践证明，该方案有助于学生构建统一的物理认知框架，为后续《量子力学》《量子光学》《量子信息》等核心专业课程的学习奠定扎实的理论基础。

Abstract: “Theoretical Mechanics”, as a core foundational course for science and engineering majors, plays an important role in cultivating students’ abilities in mathematical modeling, logical reasoning, and physical thinking, and has gradually developed into a relatively mature teaching system. However, with the establishment of Quantum Information Science as an emerging interdisciplinary field, its talent-training objectives exhibit distinctive interdisciplinary characteristics, placing greater emphasis on the integration of fundamental theory and technological practice. Consequently, the traditional teaching content and instructional focus of Theoretical Mechanics need to be further optimized and refocused to meet the demands of the new discipline. Unlike the conventional engineering-oriented training pathway that primarily emphasizes solving practical engineering problems, the Quantum Information Science major places greater importance on guiding students to systematically master the knowledge framework of analytical mechanics, while fostering the abstract modeling and programming abilities required for scientific research and the quantum industry. Such training can further enhance students’ adaptability and long-term career development potential. To address these issues, this paper, based on an in-depth analysis of professional talent demands and competency requirements, explores reform approaches for the Theoretical Mechanics course in terms of teaching-content reconstruction, adjustment of instructional focus, and alignment with subsequent quantum-theory-related courses. Specifically, the proposed reform weakens purely engineering-oriented calculations while strengthening the central role of Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics, thereby establishing a teaching framework centered on physical modeling and formalized description. Teaching practice demonstrates that this approach helps students construct a unified framework of physical understanding and lays a solid theoretical foundation for subsequent core courses such as Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Optics, and Quantum Information.