外向型汉语学习词典APP的词语义项设置研究

Research on Lexical Sense Setting of Entries in Chinese Learner-Oriented Dictionary Mobile Applications

摘要: 义项是词典编纂的关键，其设置科学与否是衡量一部词典质量优劣的一个重要指标。本文以语料库为研究基础，分析现有外向型汉语学习词典APP在词语义项设置方面存在的问题。研究表明汉语学习词典APP在义项设置方面存在常用义项缺失、冗余义项添加、语义范围不对等、释义过度限制、义项拆分随意、排序不当等问题，需借助语料库提升义项设置的客观性、时代性与完备性，更好地为汉语二语学习者发挥工具性作用。

Abstract: Sense enumeration is a core part of dictionary compilation, and its rationality serves as a crucial indicator for evaluating dictionary quality. Based on corpus data, this paper analyzes the problems in lexical sense design of existing Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) learning dictionary apps. The study shows that these apps suffer from several defects in sense setting, including the absence of frequently used senses, redundant low-frequency senses, mismatched semantic scope, overly restrictive definitions, arbitrary sense division, and inappropriate ordering. It is necessary to employ corpora to improve the objectivity, timeliness and completeness of lexical sense design, so as to better serve as an effective learning tool for second language learners of Chinese.