天津地区红鳍东方鲀工厂化生态养殖绿色病害防控技术研究

Study on Green Disease Prevention and Control Technology for Factory Ecological Culture of Takifugu rubripes in Tianjin Area

摘要: 为解决天津地区红鳍东方鲀工厂化养殖中良种外引、病害频发、化学渔药依赖等问题，本研究以弧菌病、白皮病、寄生虫病为核心防控靶标，研发以中草药制剂、益生菌、微生态调节剂为核心的绿色病害防控方案，通过单因素试验与复合配伍试验，筛选最优防控材料组合、使用浓度及施用方式，并在天津工厂化养殖基地开展田间验证。结果表明：研发的3类复方中草药制剂、复合益生菌及微生态调节剂配伍方案，可将红鳍东方鲀养殖病害发生率控制在8.2%，工厂化养殖成活率提升至86.5%，相较传统化学防控模式，养殖综合成本降低21.3%，鱼体无药物残留。本研究构建的绿色防控技术体系，适配天津沿海工厂化养殖水环境特征，为北方沿海地区红鳍东方鲀规模化绿色养殖提供了技术范本。

Abstract: To solve the problems of exotic fine breed dependence, frequent diseases and chemical fishery drug reliance in the factory culture of Takifugu rubripes in Tianjin, this research took vibriosis, white skin disease and parasitic diseases as the core prevention and control targets, and developed a green disease prevention and control scheme centered on Chinese herbal preparations, probiotics and microecological regulators. Through single-factor experiments and compound compatibility tests, the optimal combination of prevention and control materials, application concentration and method were screened, and field verification was carried out in a factory culture base in Tianjin. The results showed that the developed compatibility scheme of three types of compound Chinese herbal preparations, compound probiotics and microecological regulators could control the disease incidence of Takifugu rubripes at 8.2% and increase the survival rate of factory culture to 86.5%. Compared with the traditional chemical prevention and control mode, the comprehensive breeding cost was reduced by 21.3%, and no drug residue was detected in the fish. The green prevention and control technology system constructed in this study is adapted to the characteristics of the aquaculture water environment of coastal factory culture in Tianjin, and provides a technical model for the large-scale green culture of Takifugu rubripes in the northern coastal areas of China.