正念冥想放松训练在日间化疗中心乳腺癌术后化疗患者中的应用效果

Application Effect of Mindfulness Meditation Relaxation Training in Postoperative Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy at a Day Chemotherapy Center

摘要: 目的：探讨正念冥想放松训练对日间化疗中心乳腺癌术后化疗患者病耻感及生活质量的影响。方法：采用便利抽样法，选取广西某三级甲等综合医院日间化疗中心乳腺癌术后化疗患者122例，其中对照组62例，干预组60例。对照组给予常规护理，干预组在常规护理基础上实施正念冥想放松训练。干预后采用社会影响量表(SIS)、乳腺癌患者生活质量量表(FACT-B)进行评估，比较两组患者干预后病耻感及生活质量评分。结果：干预后，干预组社会排斥、经济歧视、社会隔离、内在羞愧维度得分及SIS总分均低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.001)；干预组生理状况、情感状况、乳腺癌附加关注维度及生活质量总分均高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.001)；两组社会/家庭状况、功能状况维度得分比较，差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论：正念冥想放松训练可有效降低日间化疗中心乳腺癌术后化疗患者病耻感，并改善其部分生活质量维度。该干预方法操作简便、耗时较短、便于嵌入日间化疗流程，具有一定临床推广价值。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effects of mindfulness meditation relaxation training on stigma and quality of life in postoperative breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy at a day chemotherapy center. Methods: Using convenience sampling, a total of 122 postoperative breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy at the day chemotherapy center of a tertiary general hospital in Guangxi were enrolled, including 62 patients in the control group and 60 patients in the intervention group. The control group received routine nursing care, while the intervention group received mindfulness meditation relaxation training in addition to routine nursing care. After the intervention, the Social Impact Scale (SIS) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) were used to evaluate stigma and quality of life, and the post-intervention scores were compared between the two groups. Results: After the intervention, the intervention group had significantly lower scores in social rejection, financial insecurity, social isolation, internalized shame, and total SIS score than the control group (P < 0.001). The intervention group had significantly higher scores in physical well-being, emotional well-being, breast cancer-specific additional concerns, and overall quality of life than the control group (P < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed in social/family well-being or functional well-being between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Mindfulness meditation relaxation training can reduce stigma and improve some dimensions of quality of life in postoperative breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at a day chemotherapy center. This intervention is simple, time-saving, and feasible for integration into day chemotherapy nursing practice, indicating potential clinical application value.