民族音乐视角下奥尔夫音乐治疗对大学生社交焦虑的干预实践研究

An Intervention Study on Orff Music Therapy for College Students’ Social Anxiety from the Perspective of Ethnic Music

摘要: 目的：探索结合中国民族音乐的奥尔夫音乐治疗团体干预方案对社交焦虑大学生心理健康问题的影响，并与常规奥尔夫音乐治疗方案进行干预效果比较。方法：采用问卷法筛选黑龙江省某高校52名社交焦虑大学生，随机分为实验组1 (中国民族音乐干预，n = 20)、实验组2 (西方音乐干预，n = 16)和对照组(无干预，n = 16)。两实验组均接受为期4周、每周2次、每次60分钟的团体奥尔夫音乐治疗干预，对照组不进行任何干预措施。结果：三组被试在人际关系综合诊断量表(IAS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、反刍思维量表(RRS)得分上测量次数主效应显著(p < 0.05)，实验组1与对照组量表均分整体差异显著(p < 0.05)，实验组2与对照组差异无统计学意义。两实验组在各量表得分上均呈持续下降趋势，且在干预结束后两周干预效果保持良好；对照组变化不明显。结论：结合中国民族音乐的奥尔夫音乐治疗可有效改善社交焦虑大学生的社交焦虑、抑郁心境、睡眠障碍及反刍思维，其干预效果与常规西方音乐奥尔夫音乐治疗相当，且在大学生群体参与度和文化适应性方面具备相当的优势，可作为高校心理健康服务的辅助干预手段推广应用。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the effects of a group Orff music therapy intervention integrated with Chinese ethnic music on the mental health of college students with social anxiety, and to compare its effectiveness with conventional Orff music therapy using Western music. Methods: A total of 52 college students with social anxiety from a university in Heilongjiang Province were screened using questionnaires and randomly assigned into Experimental Group 1 (Chinese ethnic music intervention, n = 20), Experimental Group 2 (Western music intervention, n = 16), and Control Group (no intervention, n = 16). Both experimental groups received a 4-week group Orff music therapy intervention, twice a week, 60 minutes per session, while the control group received no intervention. Results: Significant main effects of measurement time were found across all three groups on the Interpersonal Adversity Scale (IAS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS) (p < 0.05). Significant overall differences in mean scores were observed between Experimental Group 1 and the Control Group (p < 0.05), while no significant differences were found between Experimental Group 2 and the Control Group. Both experimental groups showed a continuous decline in scores across all scales, with the intervention effects maintained two weeks post-intervention. The control group showed no significant changes. Conclusion: Orff music therapy integrated with Chinese ethnic music can effectively reduce social anxiety, depressive symptoms, sleep disturbances, and rumination in college students with social anxiety. Its intervention effects are comparable to those of conventional Orff music therapy using Western music, while offering advantages in terms of student participation and cultural adaptability. It can be promoted as an auxiliary intervention in college mental health services.