文献综述：Talmy六要素理论视角下英语动物复合名词的语义转化机制

Literature Review: The Semantic Transformation Mechanism of English Animal Compound Nouns from the Perspective of Talmy’s Six-Element Theory

摘要: 英语动物复合名词是指以动物名称为核心词素，通过合成、派生、转类等构词法形成的词汇单位，其核心特征是对动物相关语义的形象化投射和认知整合。作为承载文化内涵与认知逻辑的特殊语言单位，其语义转化机制是认知语言学与词汇语义学的交叉研究热点。Talmy运动事件六要素(图形–背景–动作–路径–方式–原因)框架为解析该类复合词从具体事件到抽象意义的转化提供了系统性认知工具。本文以Talmy六要素框架为核心，先概述英语动物复合名词及Tamly相关理论，再评述国内外研究的贡献与不足，指出英语动物复合名词语义转化动态过程的研究尚有不足。现有研究已初步验证该理论在词汇层面的适配性，但英语动物复合名词的六要素互动逻辑与语义转化认知路径仍需系统厘清。

Abstract: English animal compound nouns refer to lexical units formed by means of composition, derivation, and conversion with animal names as the core morpheme, whose core feature is the figurative projection and cognitive integration of animal-related semantics. As special language units carrying cultural connotations and cognitive logics, their semantic transformation mechanisms are a cross-disciplinary research hotspot in cognitive linguistics and lexical semantics. The Talmy’s six-element framework of motion events (figure-background-action-path-manner-causation) provides a systematic cognitive tool for analyzing the transformation of such compound words from concrete events to abstract meanings. This paper takes the Talmy six-element framework as the core, reviews the current research status at home and abroad, first summarizes English animal compound nouns and the Talmy framework and related cognitive auxiliary theories, then reviews the contributions and shortcomings of domestic and foreign research, and points out the gaps such as the fragmentation of theoretical application and the unclear dynamic process of semantic transformation of English animal compound nouns; existing research has initially verified the adaptability of this theory at the lexical level, but the six-element interaction logic and cognitive path of semantic transformation of English animal compound nouns still need to be systematically clarified.