“DNA的粗提取与鉴定”实验设计与改进

Experimental Design and Improvement of “Crude Extraction and Identification of DNA”

摘要: “DNA的粗提取与鉴定”实验是高中生物学中的一个重要实验，但存在实际操作复杂、提取所用试剂危险、操作效率低等问题，难以在中学进行普及。本研究利用市面上常见的洗涤剂进行了DNA粗提取实验的改进探究，并对比了不同洗涤剂以及不同浓度对于各种植物材料的DNA粗提取效果。结果显示，用洗洁精与洗衣粉均能达到实验效果。此外，不同植物材料中，葱的提取显色效果最好，其次是洋葱、白菜。实验改进后，所用试剂更安全、简单易行、显色现象明显、可操作性更高。

Abstract: The crude extraction and identification experiment of DNA is an important experiment in high school biology, but there are problems such as the use of dangerous reagents for complex extraction and low operation efficiency, which are difficult to popularize in middle schools. This study uses common detergents on the market to improve the DNA crude extraction experiment and compares the effects of different detergents and different concentrations on the DNA crude extraction of various plant materials. The results show that the crude extraction effect of detergent at the same concentration of 10% is better than that of washing powder, and 10% of detergent can get a better extraction effect. In addition, the extraction effect of scallion is the best among different plant materials, followed by onion and cabbage. After experimental improvement, the reagents used are safer, simpler and easier to perform. The color rendering phenomenon is obviously more operable.