农业机器人关键技术及其在现代农业生产中的应用研究进展
Research Progress on Key Technologies of Agricultural Robots and Their Applications in Modern Agricultural Production
摘要: 农业机器人作为智慧农业的核心装备，是应对全球劳动力短缺、资源约束及生产效率瓶颈的关键技术路径。文章系统梳理了农业机器人的关键技术体系与现代应用现状。首先，从多模态环境感知、自主导航与定位、智能决策与任务规划、柔性执行与灵巧操作、多机协同与集群控制、系统集成及环境适应性与可靠性七个维度，构建了完整的技术架构，并分析了各领域的研究进展与技术难点。在此基础上，综述了农业机器人在精准种植与田间管理、自动化采摘与收获、智能植保与巡检三大核心应用场景中的效果。最后，对农业机器人的未来研究进行了展望。
Abstract: As the core equipment of smart agriculture, agricultural robots serve as a critical technical approach to address global labor shortages, resource constraints, and production efficiency bottlenecks. This paper systematically reviews the key technical systems and the modern application status of agricultural robots. Firstly, a comprehensive technical framework is constructed from seven dimensions, including multimodal environmental perception, autonomous navigation and positioning, intelligent decision-making and task planning, flexible execution and dexterous operation, multi-robot cooperation and swarm control, system integration, as well as environmental adaptability and reliability. The research progress and technical difficulties in each field were also analyzed. On this basis, the application effects of agricultural robots in three core scenarios are summarized, covering precision planting and field management, automatic picking and harvesting, and intelligent plant protection and inspection. Finally, the future research trends of agricultural robots are predicted.
文章引用：崔惟远. 农业机器人关键技术及其在现代农业生产中的应用研究进展[J]. 农业科学, 2026, 16(6): 860-871. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjas.2026.166105

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