基于翻译转换理论的能源文本英译策略分析

Analysis of English Translation Strategies for Energy Texts Based on Translation Shift Theory

摘要: 翻译不只是简单的词对词的替换，还是涉及语言多个层面转换的过程。卡特福德提出的翻译转换理论，对翻译过程中的语言形式变化做出了系统的归类，主要划分为层次转换与范畴转换两大类别。其中，范畴转换包含结构、词类、单位及内部体系四种细分转换形式，本文将以此理论框架为核心进行论证和分析：如何通过一系列有意识的转换策略来实现译文在术语精准、句法合规、语体得当，三个维度上得到优化，从而确保在跨语言传递的过程中，专业信息既能保持有效性，又能获得目标读者的认可。

Abstract: Translation is not merely a word‑for‑word substitution; it is a process involving shifts across multiple linguistic levels. The translation shift theory proposed by Catford systematically categorizes the formal changes that occur during translation, primarily into two major types: level shifts and category shifts. Category shifts further include four subtypes: structure shifts, class shifts, unit shifts, and intra‑system shifts. Taking this theoretical framework as the core, this paper argues and analyzes how a series of deliberate shift strategies can optimize the target text in terms of terminological precision, syntactic compliance, and stylistic appropriateness. In this way, professional information can maintain its effectiveness and gain target readers’ acceptance during cross‑linguistic transmission.