基于CiteSpace的森林生态系统碳汇研究热点与演进可视化分析
Visualization Analysis of Research Hotspots and Evolution of Forest Ecosystem Carbon Sink Based on CiteSpace
摘要: 森林生态系统是陆地生态系统最大的碳库，具有巨大的碳汇功能，对缓解全球气候变化发挥着重要的作用。本文运用CiteSpace软件，分析CNKI数据库中1990~2025年有关森林生态系统碳汇的文献，对相关的发文量、作者、研究机构、关键词等方面进行可视化分析。结果表明：1996~2025年我国森林生态系统碳汇研究呈现稳步发展且不断深化的趋势。从发展特征来看，已从静态碳储量清查向动态过程与机理解析深化；研究内容从单一碳汇评估发展至多要素耦合与多目标协同，碳汇与氮循环、生物多样性保护等生态系统服务的关联研究逐步深入；研究导向从基础理论研究向对接国家“双碳”战略的应用导向转型，“碳中和”相关研究成为近年热点。同时，揭示了当前研究存在的局限，受文献检索局限及软件分析模式化影响，量化分析与可视化解析的结合仍不够紧密。
Abstract: Forest ecosystem is the largest carbon pool of terrestrial ecosystem, which has a huge carbon sink function and plays an important role in mitigating global climate change. This paper uses CiteSpace software to analyze the literature on forest ecosystem carbon sinks from 1990 to 2025 in CNKI database, and makes a visual analysis of the relevant papers, authors, research institutions, keywords and other aspects. The results showed that the research on carbon sink of forest ecosystem in China from 1996 to 2025 showed a trend of steady development and deepening. From the perspective of development characteristics, it has deepened from static carbon inventory to dynamic process and mechanism analysis. The research content has developed from single carbon sink assessment to multi-factor coupling and multi-objective coordination, and the research on the relationship between carbon sink and ecosystem services such as nitrogen cycle and biodiversity conservation has gradually deepened. The research orientation has shifted from basic theoretical research to the application orientation of docking the national “double carbon” strategy, and the research on “carbon neutrality” has become a hot spot in recent years. At the same time, it reveals the limitations of the current research. Affected by the limitations of literature retrieval and the modeling of software analysis, the combination of quantitative analysis and visual analysis is still not close enough.
文章引用：张娜. 基于CiteSpace的森林生态系统碳汇研究热点与演进可视化分析[J]. 环境保护前沿, 2026, 16(6): 984-992. https://doi.org/10.12677/aep.2026.166099

参考文献

[1] Calvin, K., Dasgupta, D., Krinner, G., et al. (2023) IPCC, 2023: Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
[2] Piao, S. and Wang, X. (2023) Biological Systems under Climate Change: What Do We Learn from the IPCC AR6. Global Change Biology, 29, 5120-5121. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3] 朱建华, 田宇, 李奇, 等. 中国森林生态系统碳汇现状与潜力[J]. 生态学报, 2023, 43(9): 3442-3457.
[4] 何玲, 张劲, 付甜, 等. 基于CiteSpace的森林碳汇研究现状及热点趋势可视化分析[J]. 广西林业科学, 2025, 54(2): 231-241.
[5] 刘华, 雷瑞德. 我国森林生态系统碳储量和碳平衡的研究方法及进展[J]. 西北植物学报, 2005(4): 835-843.
[6] 刘世荣, 王晖, 李海奎, 等. 碳中和目标下中国森林碳储量、碳汇变化预估与潜力提升途径[J]. 林业科学, 2024, 60(4): 157-172.
[7] Pan, Y., Birdsey, R.A., Fang, J., Houghton, R., Kauppi, P.E., Kurz, W.A., et al. (2011) A Large and Persistent Carbon Sink in the World’s Forests. Science, 333, 988-993. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[8] 陈雅如, 赵金成. 碳达峰、碳中和目标下全球气候治理新格局与林草发展机遇[J]. 世界林业研究, 2021, 34(6): 1-5.
[9] 毛江涛, 徐文婷, 谢宗强. 森林碳汇研究热点与趋势——基于知识图谱分析[J]. 生态学报, 2023, 43(19): 8241-8253.
[10] Robertson, G.G., Card, S.K. and Mackinlay, J.D. (1993) Information Visualization Using 3D Interactive Animation. Communications of the ACM, 36, 57-71. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[11] 陈悦, 陈超美, 刘则渊, 等. CiteSpace知识图谱的方法论功能[J]. 科学学研究, 2015, 33(2): 242-253.
[12] Wu, Y., Yin, X., Zhou, G., Bruijnzeel, L.A., Dai, A., Wang, F., et al. (2024) Rising Rainfall Intensity Induces Spatially Divergent Hydrological Changes within a Large River Basin. Nature Communications, 15, Article No. 823. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[13] Zhou, G., Houlton, B.Z., Wang, W., Huang, W., Xiao, Y., Zhang, Q., et al. (2013) Substantial Reorganization of China’s Tropical and Subtropical Forests: Based on the Permanent Plots. Global Change Biology, 20, 240-250. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] Zhou, G., Wei, X., Chen, X., Zhou, P., Liu, X., Xiao, Y., et al. (2015) Global Pattern for the Effect of Climate and Land Cover on Water Yield. Nature Communications, 6, Article No. 5918. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] 刘允芬, 于贵瑞, 李菊, 等. 红壤丘陵区人工林能量平衡闭合研究——以江西省泰和县千烟洲为例[J]. 林业科学, 2006(2): 13-20.
[16] 刘允芬, 于贵瑞, 温学发, 王迎红, 等. 千烟洲中亚热带人工林生态系统CO2通量的季节变异特征[J]. 中国科学.D辑: 地球科学, 2006(S1): 91-102.
[17] 于贵瑞, 方华军, 伏玉玲, 等. 区域尺度陆地生态系统碳收支及其循环过程研究进展[J]. 生态学报, 2011, 31(19): 5449-5459.
[18] 于贵瑞, 王秋凤, 于振良. 陆地生态系统水——碳耦合循环与过程管理研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2004(5): 831-839.
[19] 杨丽萍, 黄丽芸, 龙娟, 等. 我国林业科普研究进展与热点分析[J]. 广西林业科学, 2024, 53(5): 678-686.
[20] 方精云, 郭兆迪, 朴世龙, 等. 1981～2000年中国陆地植被碳汇的估算[J]. 中国科学(D辑: 地球科学), 2007(6): 804-812.
[21] Yang, Y., Shi, Y., Sun, W., Chang, J., Zhu, J., Chen, L., et al. (2022) Terrestrial Carbon Sinks in China and around the World and Their Contribution to Carbon Neutrality. Science China Life Sciences, 65, 861-895. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[22] 查同刚, 张志强, 朱金兆, 等. 森林生态系统碳蓄积与碳循环[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2008, 6(6): 112-119.
[23] 谢馨瑶, 李爱农, 靳华安. 大尺度森林碳循环过程模拟模型综述[J]. 生态学报, 2018, 38(1): 41-54.
[24] 方精云, 黄耀, 朱江玲, 等. 森林生态系统碳收支及其影响机制[J]. 中国基础科学, 2015, 17(3): 21-25.
[25] 方运霆, 刘冬伟, 段伊行, 等. 气候变暖对森林生态系统碳汇功能的影响: 机制、方法和主要进展[J]. 生态学杂志, 2024, 43(9): 2551-2565.
[26] Zhang, Q., Song, J. and Mayuka, R.N. (2025) Climate Change and Forestry Carbon Sink: A Literature Review and Visualization Perspective. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 8, Article 1487503. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]