脊髓电刺激在神经病理性疼痛中的作用机制 及研究进展
Mechanisms of Acts and Advances of Spinal Cord Stimulation in Neuropathic Pain
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1662278, PDF,   
作者: 王小蝶：西南医科大学附属医院疼痛科，四川 泸州；王江林*：西南医科大学附属医院疼痛科，四川 泸州；西南医科大学附属第四医院疼痛科，四川 眉山
关键词: 脊髓电刺激；神经病理性疼痛；作用机制；神经调控；Spinal Cord Stimulation； Neuropathic Pain； Mechanism of Action； Neuromodulation
摘要: 神经病理性疼痛(Neuropathic Pain, NP)是由躯体周围或中枢感觉神经系统损伤或疾病引起的慢性疼痛，目前病理生理机制复杂，传统药物治疗效果有限且副作用多，脊髓电刺激(Spinal Cord Stimulation, SCS)是一种神经调控技术，已成为治疗难治性神经痛的重要手段。本文系统综述了SCS的作用机制，包括传统脊髓水平的局部调节和脊髓丘脑上行层面的调节机制。同时，本文阐述了不同电刺激参数对NP的作用，也探讨了SCS技术的最新参数。本文旨在增加临床医生和研究者对于SCS治疗神经病理性疼痛的认识。
Abstract: Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic pain condition characterized by a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory nervous system, either peripherally or centrally. Its pathophysiology is complex, and conventional pharmacological therapies often yield limited efficacy while carrying significant side-effect burdens. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has emerged as a pivotal neuromodulation technique for managing refractory neuropathic pain. This article provides a systematic review of the mechanisms underlying SCS efficacy, encompassing both traditional local modulatory processes at the spinal cord level and supraspinal regulatory mechanisms involving the spinothalamic pathways. Furthermore, it elaborates on the impact of different electrical stimulation parameters on NP outcomes and discusses the latest advancements in SCS parameter configurations. This review aims to enhance the understanding of SCS among clinicians and researchers for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
文章引用：王小蝶, 王江林. 脊髓电刺激在神经病理性疼痛中的作用机制 及研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(6): 791-798. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1662278

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