基于SPSS的云南白药财务绩效影响因素相关性分析

Correlation Analysis of Influencing Factors on Financial Performance of Yunnan Baiyao Based on SPSS

摘要: 在我国医药健康产业高质量发展与行业竞争日趋激烈的背景下，上市医药企业的财务绩效水平直接关系到企业可持续发展能力、市场竞争力与投资者价值判断。净资产收益率(ROE)作为衡量企业财务绩效的核心指标，综合反映企业盈利能力、资产运营效率与资本结构合理性，是企业财务管理与战略决策的重要依据。本文以云南白药集团股份有限公司为研究对象，选取2017~2025年年度财务数据，以净资产收益率(ROE)为被解释变量，资产负债率、总资产周转率、销售净利率、营收增长率为解释变量，运用SPSS统计软件开展描述性统计分析与Pearson相关性分析，系统探究关键财务指标对云南白药财务绩效的影响方向、程度及显著性。研究结果显示：云南白药销售净利率与ROE在0.05水平上呈显著正相关，是驱动财务绩效提升的核心因素；资产负债率、总资产周转率、营收增长率与ROE相关性较弱且未通过显著性检验，其中资产负债率与总资产周转率、ROE呈负相关关系。本文结合医药行业特性与云南白药经营实际，对实证结果展开深入解读，并从优化盈利结构、提升资产运营效率、合理调控资本结构、强化营收增长质量等方面提出针对性改进建议，旨在为云南白药完善财务管理体系、提升财务绩效、实现长期稳健发展提供实证支撑与决策参考，也为同类中医药上市企业财务绩效优化提供借鉴思路。

Abstract: Against the background of the high-quality development of China’s pharmaceutical and healthcare industry and increasingly fierce market competition, the financial performance of listed pharmaceutical companies is directly related to their sustainable development capability, market competitiveness and investor value judgment. As the core indicator for measuring corporate financial performance, Return on Equity (ROE) comprehensively reflects corporate profitability, asset operation efficiency and capital structure rationality, serving as an important basis for financial management and strategic decision-making. Taking Yunnan Baiyao Group Co., Ltd. as the research object, this paper selects its annual financial data from 2017 to 2025, takes Return on Equity (ROE) as the explained variable, and asset-liability ratio, total asset turnover, net sales margin and revenue growth rate as explanatory variables. Descriptive statistical analysis and Pearson correlation analysis are carried out by using SPSS statistical software to systematically explore the direction, degree and significance of key financial indicators on the financial performance of Yunnan Baiyao. The results show that the net sales margin of Yunnan Baiyao is significantly positively correlated with ROE at the 0.05 level, which is the core factor driving the improvement of financial performance. The correlations between asset-liability ratio, total asset turnover, revenue growth rate and ROE are weak and fail to pass the significance test, among which asset-liability ratio and total asset turnover are negatively correlated with ROE. Combined with the characteristics of the pharmaceutical industry and the actual operation of Yunnan Baiyao, this paper interprets the empirical results in depth, and puts forward targeted improvement suggestions from optimizing profit structure, improving asset operation efficiency, reasonably regulating capital structure and strengthening the quality of revenue growth. It aims to provide empirical support and decision-making reference for Yunnan Baiyao to improve its financial management system, enhance financial performance and achieve long-term stable development, and also provide reference ideas for financial performance optimization of similar listed traditional Chinese medicine enterprises.