大学生体质健康影响因素与提升对策研究——基于山东省部分高校的问卷调查

Research on the Influencing Factors and Improvement Countermeasures of College Students’ Physical Health—Based on a Questionnaire Survey of Some Universities in Shandong Province

摘要: 当前大学生体质健康形势日趋严峻，体测优秀率偏低、身体素质下滑等问题在国内高校中普遍存在。文章以山东省多个地级市的高校学生为调研对象，采用问卷调查的研究方法，研究大学生体质健康的现状及其影响因素。研究发现，大学生体质健康水平受到多重因素共同作用，既与生活习惯、运动参与、健康认知密切相关，又受到学校、家庭以及社会等外部因素的影响。基于此，文章从提升自我健康管理能力、强化高校健康教育引导、构建家校协同育人机制以及打造全方位支持保障网络四个方面提出针对性的对策与建议，旨在提升大学生的身体素质与健康素养。

Abstract: The current situation of physical health among college students is becoming increasingly serious. Problems such as low excellent rates in physical fitness tests and declining physical fitness are widespread in domestic universities. This article takes college students from multiple prefecture-level cities in Shandong Province as the research subjects and adopts the questionnaire survey method to study the current status of college students’ physical health and its influencing factors. The research finds that the physical health level of college students is jointly affected by multiple factors, which are closely related to living habits, exercise participation, and health awareness, as well as external factors such as schools, families, and society. Based on the above findings, this article proposes targeted countermeasures and suggestions from four aspects: improving self-health management ability, strengthening health education guidance in universities, establishing a collaborative education mechanism between families and schools, and creating a comprehensive support and guarantee network, aiming to enhance the physical fitness and health literacy of college students.