人–居–业协同下数字技术赋能传统村落“空心化”治理路径研究——以新化县正龙古村为例

Research on Digital Technology-Enabled Governance Pathways for “Hollowing Out” of Traditional Villages under People-Housing-Industry Synergy—Taking Zhenglong Ancient Village in Xinhua County as an Example

摘要: 传统村落“空心化”是城乡二元结构下人口外流、产业衰败与空间失活复合作用的结果，亟待构建系统性治理框架以解决传统村落“空心化”的问题，本文以湖南省新化县正龙古村为研究对象，构建“人–居–业”协同治理正龙古村“空心化”的理论框架，探索人–居–业协同下正龙古村“空心化”的治理机制与路径：在“人”的维度，通过数字技能培训提升村民数字化素养，并深挖梅山文化等地域特色IP以吸引人口返乡就业；在“居”的维度，实施空宅产权登记与渐进式更新，利用虚拟交互等技术推动老宅的适应性改造，实现传统文化与现代业态的有机衔接；在“业”的维度，推动农业、加工业与文旅产业的深度融合，通过分级管控优化空间布局，构建“一产接二连三”的产业链互动机制。从而有效重塑要素间的耦合关系，推动正龙古村的可持续发展，为同类村落治理“空心化”提供了实践参考。

Abstract: The “hollowing out” of traditional villages results from the combined effects of population outflow, industrial decline, and spatial inactivity under the urban-rural dual structure. Establishing a systematic governance framework is urgently needed to address this issue. This study takes Zhenglong Ancient Village in Xinhua County, Hunan Province as its research subject, establishing a theoretical framework for addressing the village’s depopulation through a “people-housing-industry” collaborative governance approach. It explores the governance mechanisms and pathways for mitigating depopulation under this integrated framework: In the “people” dimension, digital literacy training enhances villagers’ technical skills while leveraging regional cultural IPs like Meishan culture to attract returnees. In the “housing” dimension, property registration of vacant houses and phased renovations are implemented, with virtual interaction technologies facilitating adaptive transformations to bridge traditional culture and modern industries. In the “industry” dimension, deep integration of agriculture, processing industries, and cultural tourism is promoted, with tiered management optimizing spatial layouts to establish an interactive industrial chain linking primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors. This effectively reconfigures the interrelationships among key factors, promotes the sustainable development of Zhenglong Ancient Village, and provides a practical reference for addressing the “hollowing out” phenomenon in similar villages.