TUBA1C的ceRNA网络调控促进乳腺癌发展的机制研究

Study on the Mechanism of TUBA1C ceRNA Network Regulation Promoting Breast Cancer Development

摘要: 目的：TUBA1C是微管蛋白的一种，与乳腺癌的发生发展密切相关。我们主要研究TUBA1C在乳腺癌(BC)患者中的表达、预后、与主要的突变基因的关系及可能的主要作用机制。方法：采用肿瘤基因组图谱(TCGA)、人类蛋白图谱(HPA)数据库分析BC患者中TUBA1C基因在转录和蛋白水平上的表达及其与临床特征和预后的关系。通过数据库分析TUBA1C高低表达组之间的突变基因差异，及对TUBA1C主要起作用的ceRNA网络。结果：BC患者中TUBA1C的mRNA和蛋白表达水平显著上调。TUBA1C的高表达与高临床分期及三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)密切相关。数据库分析发现，TUBA1C高低表达组之间TP53和PI3KCA等突变频率差异显著，且主要通过ceRNA网络发挥促癌作用。结论：我们的研究表明，随着TUBA1C的表达升高，恶性程度可能更高，且与TP53和PI3KCA等乳腺癌耐药基因密切相关，将来可能作为BC，特别是TNBC治疗的一个新的靶点，并且主要通过LINC01278/miR-122-5p轴介导来促进乳腺癌的发展。

Abstract: Objective: TUBA1C is a type of tubulin protein that is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of breast cancer. Our main focus is on the expression, prognosis, relationship with major mutated genes, and potential main mechanisms of action of TUBA1C in breast cancer (BC) patients. Methods: We utilized the Tumor Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases to analyze the expression of the TUBA1C gene at the transcriptional and protein levels in BC patients, as well as its relationship with clinical characteristics and prognosis. We also analyzed the differences in mutated genes between high and low TUBA1C expression groups through the databases, and explored the ceRNA network primarily involved in TUBA1C’s function. Results: The mRNA and protein expression levels of TUBA1C were significantly upregulated in BC patients. High expression of TUBA1C was closely associated with clinical stage and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Database analysis revealed significant differences in the mutation frequencies of TP53 and PI3KCA between high and low TUBA1C expression groups, and these genes primarily exert their carcinogenic effects through the ceRNA network. Conclusion: Our study indicates that as TUBA1C expression increases, the malignancy may become more severe, and it is closely related to breast cancer resistance genes such as TP53 and PI3KCA. In the future, TUBA1C may serve as a new therapeutic target for BC, especially TNBC, and may primarily promote breast cancer development through the LINC01278/miR-122-5p axis.