针刺联合其他疗法治疗腰椎间盘突出症的研究进展

Research Progress on Acupuncture Combined with Other Therapies for Lumbar Disc Herniation

摘要: 腰椎间盘突出症(lumbar disc herniation, LDH)是引起腰痛的高发疾病之一，常见临床表现为腰部疼痛，并可伴随或不伴随腿部放射痛、感觉异常、感觉减退以及肌力减弱等神经系统症状，从而降低患者的生活质量。有国内研究指出，我国腰椎间盘突出症的发病率约为15.2%，该病所致的腰腿疼痛不仅损害患者的躯体功能，同时也危及其心理健康，并进一步加重社会经济负担和劳动损伤。目前西医对LDH的干预主要依靠消炎镇痛、营养神经等药物治疗以及外科手术，但上述治疗手段均存在一定不足，如药物不良反应、手术并发症及风险等。中医药在应对LDH方面历史渊源久远，且具有疗效明确、副反应较少等特点。传统的拔罐、艾灸、推拿按摩及药物外敷等疗法单独使用时各有优势与偏重，而将多种方法有机整合、精心设计联合治疗流程，则可取长补短、相互协同，从而提高整体治疗效果。本文系统回顾近年来针刺联合其他疗法治疗LDH的进展，以期为临床治疗提供科学、有效的参考。

Abstract: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is one of the high-incidence diseases that cause low back pain. The common clinical manifestation is low back pain, which may or may not be accompanied by neurological symptoms such as leg radiation pain, paresthesia, hypoesthesia and muscle weakness, thus reducing the quality of life of patients. According to domestic research, the incidence of lumbar disc herniation in China is about 15.2%, and the pain of waist and legs caused by this disease not only damages the physical function of patients, but also endangers their mental health, and further aggravates the socio-economic burden and labor injury. At present, the intervention of western medicine in LDH mainly depends on anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs, nerve nutrition and surgery, but the above treatment methods have some shortcomings, such as adverse drug reactions, surgical complications and risks. Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history in dealing with LDH, and it has the characteristics of clear curative effect and fewer side effects. Traditional therapies, such as cupping, moxibustion, massage and external application of drugs, have their own advantages and disadvantages when used alone. However, by organically integrating various methods and carefully designing the combined treatment process, we can learn from each other and cooperate with each other, thus improving the overall treatment effect. This paper systematically reviews the application progress of acupuncture combined with other therapies in treating LDH in recent years, in order to provide a scientific and effective reference for clinical treatment.