复杂环境下5G微波的抗干扰技术研究

Research on Anti-Interference Technologies for 5G Microwave in Complex Environments

摘要: 随着无线电通信系统的高速发展，其部署场景逐渐复杂多变，5G微波通信作为传输与接收信号的核心技术，面临多类型衰减与干扰因素等作用的严峻挑战。为提升复杂环境下5G微波通信的传输可靠性与全域覆盖能力，本文系统梳理了5G微波通信的核心理论与典型应用场景，明确了复杂通信环境的核心特征，深入分析了复杂环境下5G微波通信面临的核心瓶颈问题，针对性提出了覆盖传输优化、视距拓展、频谱管控、干扰抑制四大维度的系统性抗干扰改进措施。研究表明，本文提出的优化方案可有效应对复杂环境下的多类型耦合干扰，显著提升5G微波链路的稳定性与资源利用效率，可为5G微波通信系统的工程部署与性能优化提供可行的实践参考。

Abstract: With the rapid development of radio communication systems, their deployment scenarios have become increasingly complex and variable. As a core technology for signal transmission and reception, 5G microwave communication is facing severe challenges from multiple types of attenuation and interference factors. To improve the transmission reliability and global coverage capability of 5G microwave communication in complex environments, this paper systematically summarizes the core theories and typical application scenarios of 5G microwave communication, clarifies the core characteristics of complex communication environments, and deeply analyzes the key bottlenecks confronted by 5G microwave communication under such environments. Targeted systematic anti-interference improvement measures are proposed from four dimensions: transmission optimization, line-of-sight extension, spectrum management and control, and interference suppression. The research shows that the optimization scheme proposed in this paper can effectively cope with multi-type coupled interference in complex environments, significantly improve the stability and resource utilization efficiency of 5G microwave links, and provide feasible practical references for the engineering deployment and performance optimization of 5G microwave communication systems.