我国人口老龄化背景下银发经济发展的机遇、挑战与对策

Opportunities, Challenges and Strategies for the Development of the Silver Economy against the Backdrop of China’s Ageing Population

摘要: 当前时期，我国人口老龄化程度持续加深，银发经济已成为落实积极应对人口老龄化国家战略的重要抓手，也是拉动内需、推动产业升级、助力高质量发展与乡村全面振兴的新引擎。本文以产业生态系统理论为整合框架，将银发经济视为由需求端、供给端、要素端与治理端相互依存、动态演化的产业生态体系。在此基础上归纳了银发经济高质量发展的内涵与特征，并系统分析了其当前发展面临的机遇，从需求、供给、要素保障等方面探讨了现实困境，并从激活消费、优化供给、强化要素、完善治理四个方面提出优化对策。

Abstract: In the context of deepening population aging, China’s silver economy serves as a key strategy for national response, domestic demand expansion, and high-quality development. Based on industrial ecosystem theory, this paper constructs an analytical framework integrating demand, supply, factor inputs, and governance. Based on this, the paper summarizes the connotation and characteristics of high-quality development of the silver economy, systematically analyzes the opportunities it currently faces, discusses practical dilemmas in terms of demand, supply, and factor support, and proposes countermeasures from four aspects: stimulating consumption, optimizing supply, strengthening factor inputs, and improving governance.