重庆荣昌方言词汇与普通话词汇比较研究

A Comparative Study of Vocabulary in the Chongqing Rongchang Dialect and Standard Mandarin

摘要: 荣昌方言作为西南官话区“重庆语系”的一部分，由于历史移民、地域文化等因素的影响，形成了独特的方言土语。文章旨在对重庆荣昌方言与普通话的词汇差异进行比较研究，选择《汉语方言词汇》中的分类词目为标准，根据词性划分出名词、动词、形容词、代词、量词、副词以及介词和连词8类，根据词义划分出天象地理、时间时令、矿物、动物、植物、饮食等33类，以此对比重庆荣昌方言与普通话词汇的异同，探求荣昌方言的主要构词方法，总结荣昌方言的词汇特点。

Abstract: As part of the “Chongqing linguistic group” within the Southwestern Mandarin region, the Rongchang dialect has developed unique local characteristics shaped by factors such as historical migration and regional culture. This paper aims to conduct a comparative study of the lexical differences between the Chongqing Rongchang dialect and Standard Mandarin. Using the categorized word list from Chinese Dialect Vocabulary as a reference, the lexical items are classified into eight parts of speech: nouns, verbs, adjectives, pronouns, measure words, adverbs, prepositions, and conjunctions. Based on semantic categories, they are further divided into 33 groups, including celestial phenomena and geography, time and seasons, minerals, animals, plants, food and drink, among others. By comparing the similarities and differences in vocabulary between the Chongqing Rongchang dialect and Standard Mandarin, this study explores the primary word-formation methods of the Rongchang dialect and summarizes its lexical characteristics.