宏微观相结合的高中化学可视化教学策略研究——以“卤代烃”为例

Research on Visualization Teaching Strategies Integrating Macroscopic and Microscopic Perspectives in High School Chemistry—Taking “Halogenated Hydrocarbons” as an Example

摘要: 核心素养导向下，高中化学微观概念的教学需突破抽象性困境。本研究以“卤代烃”一课为例，开展课例研究，探索可视化策略在促进学生从微观结构理解到宏观性质应用转化中的实践路径。教学中综合运用球棍模型搭建、3D反应机理动画、微型创新实验等可视化工具，引导学生认识卤代烃的结构特点，理解取代反应与消去反应的机理差异，构建“结构–性质–应用”的知识体系。为高中化学微观概念的可视化教学提供了可操作的实践范式。

Abstract: Under the guidance of core competencies, teaching microscopic concepts in high school chemistry needs to address the challenge of abstractness. Taking the lesson “Halogenated Hydrocarbons” as an example, this study conducts a lesson study to explore the practical pathways of visualization strategies in facilitating students’ transition from understanding microscopic structures to applying macroscopic properties. In teaching practice, multiple visualization tools such as ball-and-stick model construction, 3D reaction mechanism animations, and micro-scale innovative experiments are integrated to guide students in recognizing the structural characteristics of halogenated hydrocarbons, understanding the mechanistic differences between substitution and elimination reactions, and constructing a knowledge system of “structure–property–application.” This provides an operable practical paradigm for the visualization teaching of microscopic concepts in high school chemistry.