认罪认罚“可以型”从宽模式研究

Study on the Lenient Mode of “Permissive Model” in the Guilty Plea and Accept Punishment System

摘要: 2018年《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》正式确立的认罪认罚“可以型”从宽模式，是关于认罪认罚与从宽处理之间复杂关系的深刻理解与重新诠释。认罪认罚从宽制度的适用促进诉讼领域的发展，但具体分析“可以型”从宽模式，梳理规制现状后发现，在司法实践的操作中，仍然存在内涵模糊导致适用案件不明确、量刑规范化程度不足、从宽处理权利难以保障和加剧公权力行使与被害方利益保障的冲突等问题。基于此，从“可以型”从宽模式的内涵逻辑体系出发，利用语义分析法研究“可以型”从宽模式的内涵，在现行司法解释理论依据的基础上，明确当前模式的困境和现实障碍，从而提出优化认罪认罚从宽情节、设计科学化从宽处罚的量刑原则、强化当事人的权利保障、规范司法机关量刑建议权和刑罚裁量权的适用等相关建议，进一步拓宽“可以型”从宽模式的发展，深化认罪认罚从宽模式的价值。

Abstract: The lenient mode of “permissive model” in the guilty plea and accept punishment system established in the Criminal Procedure Law in 2018 is a profound understanding and reinterpretation of the complex relationship between guilty plea and leniency. The application of leniency system of guilty plea promotes the development of the litigation field. However, after a specific analysis of the “permissive model” and the review of the current regulatory situation, it is found that there are still some problems in judicial practice, such as ambiguous connotation leading to unclear applicable cases, insufficient standardization of sentencing, difficult to protect the right of leniency and aggravating the conflict between the exercise of public power and the protection of the interests of the victim. Based on this, starting from the connotation logic system of “permissive model”, this paper studies the connotation of “permissive model” by using semantic analysis method, and clarifies the predicament and practical obstacles of the current model on the basis of the current theoretical basis of judicial interpretation. Therefore, the author puts forward relevant suggestions such as optimizing the circumstances of leniency of guilty plea, designing the sentencing principle of scientific leniency, strengthening the protection of the rights of the parties, standardizing the application of the sentencing suggestion power and penalty discretion power of the judicial organs, further broadening the development of the lenient mode of “permissive model” and deepening the value of the lenient mode of guilty plea.