环境行政公益诉讼不依法履职认定标准研究

Research on the Determination Criteria of Administrative Organs’ Non-Performance of Duties in Environmental Administrative Public Interest Litigation

摘要: 环境行政公益诉讼是维护公共利益、监督行政机关履职行为的重要制度。目前我国环境行政公益诉讼中关于行政机关不依法履职的认定标准尚未统一，司法实践存在诸多困境。本文以行为标准、结果标准与复合标准为理论基础，结合司法案例，梳理当前案件存在监管职责界定模糊、客观履职条件考量不足、全面履职认定标准过于严苛等问题，并提出厘清行政机关监管权责范围、综合考量客观履职阻碍、采用行为与结果相结合的复合审查标准的完善路径，旨在规范行政环境执法，推动生态环境治理法治化发展。

Abstract: Environmental administrative public interest litigation is a crucial institutional arrangement to safeguard ecological and environmental public interests and supervise the performance of duties by administrative organs. At present, the determination criteria for administrative organs’ non-performance of statutory duties in environmental administrative public interest litigation have not formed a unified norm, leading to prominent difficulties in judicial practice. On the basis of the behavioral standard, result standard and composite standard theory, this paper combines typical judicial cases, and sorts out existing prominent problems: the ambiguous definition of administrative regulatory responsibilities, inadequate consideration of objective constraints on duty performance, and excessively strict criteria for the determination of full performance of duties. Accordingly, it puts forward improvement suggestions: clarifying the scope of administrative supervision power and responsibility, comprehensively weighing objective obstacles to duty performance, and adopting a composite review standard combining behavior and result. The research intends to standardize environmental administrative law enforcement and promote the legalization and institutionalization of ecological environmental governance.