基于中医体质学说探讨代茶饮的研究概况

Research Overview on Herbal Tea Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution Theory

摘要: 目的：探讨近年来中医体质学说与代茶饮在健康维护和疾病防治中的相关研究，阐明其应用价值与理论基础。方法：通过检索中国知网(CNKI)和PubMed数据库，纳入有关中医体质分类体系、中药代茶饮的源流与特性，以及基于体质辨别的代茶饮在亚健康状态与疾病干预中的研究文献。结果：中医体质学说构建了以九种体质为核心、涵盖生理特征与疾病易感性的分类体系；中药代茶饮源于“药食同源”理念，具有制备简便、适口易饮、可长期食用等特点。依据体质选用适宜代茶饮，可调和阴阳、补益气血、祛湿清热，对亚健康状态及部分慢性疾病具有辅助防治作用。结论：基于体质学说的代茶饮研究体现了“辨体施茶”的个性化养生理念，促进了传统中医与现代保健的融合。但现有研究多为小样本经验总结，缺乏高质量循证证据，今后需加强体质辨识标准化与代茶饮配方的科学验证，以提升其公共卫生应用价值。

Abstract: Objective: To explore recent studies on the role of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) constitution theory and herbal tea in health maintenance and disease prevention, and to clarify their theoretical foundations and application value. Methods: Literature was retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and PubMed databases. Studies related to the classification system of TCM constitutions, the origin and characteristics of herbal tea, and constitution-based herbal tea interventions for suboptimal health and disease management were included. Results: The TCM constitution theory establishes a classification system centered on nine constitutional types, encompassing physiological characteristics and disease susceptibility. Herbal tea, derived from the concept of “medicine-food homology”, is characterized by simple preparation, pleasant taste, and suitability for long-term consumption. Selecting herbal tea appropriate to an individual’s constitution may help regulate yin-yang balance, nourish qi and blood, and eliminate dampness or heat, thereby providing auxiliary prevention and treatment for suboptimal health and certain chronic diseases. Conclusion: Research on constitution-based herbal tea reflects the personalized health concept of “tea selection according to constitution” and facilitates the integration of traditional TCM with modern health care. However, most existing studies are small-sample, experience-based summaries that lack high-quality evidence. Future efforts should focus on standardizing constitution identification and scientifically validating herbal tea formulations to enhance their application value in public health.