新医科背景下以岗位胜任力为导向的护理实习生临床实践教学体系的构建与应用

Construction and Application of a Clinical Practice Teaching System for Nursing Interns Oriented by Job Competency under the Background of New Medicine

摘要: 随着新医科建设深入推进，对医疗卫生人才培养提出更高要求，尤其强调临床实践能力与岗位胜任力的塑造。护理学作为实践性极强的学科，其临床实践教学环节是培养合格护士的核心。针对传统护理临床实践教学中存在教学目标与临床需求脱节、带教模式单一、评价体系不完善、实习生综合能力培养不足等问题，本研究构建以岗位胜任力为核心导向的护理实习生临床实践教学新体系。经过初步实践应用，该体系有效激发实习生学习主动性与职业认同感，对提升其临床综合实践能力与岗位适应力有积极作用，获得实习单位与用人机构积极反馈，为新医科背景下护理及其他医学相关专业临床实践教学改革提供可借鉴的模式与思路。

Abstract: With the in-depth advancement of the New Medical Education initiative, higher demands have been placed on the cultivation of healthcare professionals, particularly emphasizing the development of clinical practical abilities and job competency. As a highly practice-oriented discipline, the clinical practice component in nursing education serves as the core of training qualified nurses. In response to issues observed in traditional nursing clinical practice teaching—such as misalignment between teaching objectives and clinical needs, monotonous teaching models, inadequate evaluation systems, and insufficient cultivation of interns’ comprehensive competencies, this study developed a new clinical practice teaching system for nursing interns centered on job competency as the core guiding principle. Preliminary practical application of this system has shown that it effectively stimulates interns’ learning initiative and professional identity, positively enhances their comprehensive clinical practical abilities and job adaptability, and has received favorable feedback from internship institutions and employers. This provides a referential model and insights for the reform of clinical practice teaching in nursing and other medical-related disciplines under the context of the New Medical Education.