一种解磷菌剂对植物根际土壤磷含量、酶活性及细菌群落的影响

The Effect of a Phosphorus-Solubilizing Bacterial Agent on Phosphorus Content, Enzyme Activity, and Bacterial Community in Plant Rhizosphere Soil

摘要: 本研究旨在探究一种由菌株MZ2 (Bacillus paramycoides)和MF2 (Paenarthrobacter sp.)混合制成的解磷菌剂，设置不同接种量(0%, 3.0%, 5.0% (v/m))处理，对两栖蔊菜(Rorippa amphibia)根际土壤有效磷含量、酶活性及细菌群落结构的影响。研究结果显示，接种5.0%的菌剂(ZF-5组)能最显著地增加土壤有效磷含量；菌剂施用能促进土壤蔗糖酶和中性磷酸酶的活性；接种菌剂显著改变了细菌群落结构，提高了物种丰度和多样性，并使具有磷酸盐转运的假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、具有溶解磷酸盐作用的考克氏菌属(Kocuria)和具有反硝化作用的脱硝菌属(Denitromonas)等功能性细菌的相对丰度增加，但对硫杆菌属(Thiobacillus)、鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)等优势菌属具有一定的抑制作用。研究认为，该解磷菌剂能有效活化土壤磷素、提高酶活性并改善微生物群落，具有应用潜力。

Abstract: This study aims to explore the effects of a phosphate-solubilizing bacterial inoculum, formulated from a mixture of strains MZ2 (Bacillus paramycoides) and MF2 (Paenarthrobacter sp.), on the available phosphorus content, enzyme activity, and bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere soil of Rorippa amphibia, under different inoculum treatments (0%, 3.0%, and 5.0% (v/m)). The results show that inoculating with 5.0% of the inoculum (ZF-5 group) significantly increases the soil available phosphorus content. The application of the inoculum promotes the activities of soil sucrase and neutral phosphatase. Inoculation with the inoculum significantly alters the bacterial community structure, enhances species richness and diversity, and increases the relative abundance of functional bacteria such as Pseudomonas, which has phosphate transport capabilities, Kocuria, which has phosphate-solubilizing effects, and Denitromonas, which has denitrification capabilities. However, it has a certain inhibitory effect on dominant bacterial genera such as Thiobacillus and Sphingomonas. The study suggests that this phosphate-solubilizing inoculum can effectively activate soil phosphorus, enhance enzyme activity, and improve microbial communities, indicating its potential for application.