职教本科转型背景下AI赋能土建类学生体质的教学路径研究——以四川建筑职业技术大学为例

A Study on the Teaching Path of AI-Empowered Physical Fitness of Civil Engineering Students under the Background of Vocational Undergraduate Education Transformation—Taking Sichuan University of Architectural Technology as an Example

摘要: 为适应职教本科转型对体育教学的新要求，结合土建类行业的特殊体能需求，研究以四川建筑职业技术大学为例，基于2023~2025年学生体质测试数据，综合运用文献、统计与案例分析方法，分析了转型背景下土建类学生的体质特征与教学现实问题。研究发现：1) 学生体质呈现形态指标下降、机能与耐力薄弱、力量发展不均衡的总体趋势，并存在“年级越高，体质越差”现象；2) 现行体测体系与职业体适能需求存在结构偏差，未涵盖平衡、精细动作等职业关键素质，学生体能基础与岗位要求差距显著。研究探索了AI技术在体质监测、个性化训练与教学评价中的应用路径，构建了“职业体适能导向、AI技术赋能、个性化培养”的体育教学改革思路，推动课程、教学与评价体系向职业化、数据化、分层化转型，以期为同类院校提供可借鉴的实践参照。

Abstract: To meet the new requirements of physical education teaching for the transition to undergraduate vocational education and in combination with the special physical fitness needs of the construction industry, this study takes Sichuan University of Architectural Technology as an example. Based on students’ physical fitness test data from 2023 to 2025, it comprehensively employs literature review, statistical analysis, and case study methods to analyze the physical characteristics of construction-related students and the practical problems in physical education under the transition context. The study found: 1) Students’ physical fitness shows an overall trend of declining morphological indicators, weak physical function and endurance, and imbalanced strength development, with a “the higher the grade, the poorer the physical fitness” phenomenon present; 2) The current physical fitness testing system has structural deviations from vocational physical fitness requirements, failing to cover key professional qualities such as balance and fine motor skills, resulting in a significant gap between students’ physical fitness foundation and job requirements. The study explores application paths for AI technology in physical fitness monitoring, personalized training, and teaching evaluation, and constructs a sports teaching reform framework oriented towards “vocational physical fitness, empowered by AI technology, and focused on precise cultivation”. This aims to promote the transformation of the curriculum, teaching, and evaluation systems towards professionalization, data-driven approaches, and stratification, providing a practical reference for similar institutions.