和美乡村建设背景下农村适老化环境改造问题与对策研究

Research on the Problems and Countermeasures of Rural Elderly-Friendly Environment Renovation under the Background of Harmonious and Beautiful Village Construction

摘要: 在推进和美乡村建设的背景下，推动农村人居环境整治与适老化改造协同落地是破解乡村人口老龄化困境、提升农村老年群体生活质量的重要路径。和美乡村建设所锚定的生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效核心目标，不仅为农村适老化人居环境改造明确了发展方向，也提供了坚实的政策支撑与广阔的落地空间。但值得注意的是，当前我国农村适老化改造的落地实践中，仍面临诸多现实瓶颈：基础设施建设滞后、统一化技术规范缺位、资金保障体系不完善、供需适配性不足、村民主动参与意愿偏低、长效管护机制缺失等。本文立足于和美乡村建设的核心内涵与发展要求，系统梳理农村适老化人居环境改造的内在价值与发展现状，深入剖析改造推进过程中存在的深层矛盾与堵点问题，从政策协同联动、资金多元筹措、规范标准构建等多个维度，提出针对性的优化完善路径，以期推动两项工作的深度融合发展，构建宜居宜养的乡村养老服务空间，为乡村振兴战略的全面落地提供实践参考与理论支撑。

Abstract: Under the background of promoting the construction of harmonious and beautiful villages, promoting the coordinated implementation of rural living environment improvement and elderly-friendly renovations is an important way to solve the predicament of rural population aging and improve the quality of life of the elderly in rural areas. The core goals of ecological livability, civilized rural customs and effective governance set by the construction of harmonious and beautiful villages not only clarify the development direction for the transformation of rural elderly-friendly living environments, but also provide solid policy support and broad implementation space. However, it is worth noting that in the current implementation of rural elderly-friendly renovations in China, there are still many practical bottlenecks: lagging infrastructure construction, the absence of unified technical standards, an incomplete financial guarantee system, insufficient matching of supply and demand, low willingness of villagers to actively participate, and the lack of a long-term management and maintenance mechanism, etc. Based on the core connotation and development requirements of the construction of harmonious and beautiful villages, this article systematically sorts out the intrinsic value and current development status of the rural elderly-friendly living environment renovation, deeply analyzes the deep-seated contradictions and bottlenecks existing in the process of renovation promotion, and proposes targeted optimization and improvement paths from multiple dimensions such as policy coordination and linkage, diversified fund raising, and the construction of norms and standards, with the aim of promoting the in-depth integration and development of the two tasks, building a livable and care-friendly rural elderly care service space, and providing practical references and theoretical support for the full implementation of the rural revitalization strategy.