脑卒中气管切开患者拔管治疗的中西医治疗 临床研究进展

Clinical Research Progress of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Extubation Treatment for Tracheotomized Patients with Stroke

摘要: 气管切开术是临床抢救重症卒中患者的重要手段，但长期留置套管易诱发多种并发症，如肺部感染、气道出血、气管狭窄及拔管困难等，严重影响患者预后。早期识别并发症并开展针对性干预，有助于实现尽早拔管，降低医疗负担。目前，卒中后气管切开患者的拔管治疗尚无统一标准，单一治疗手段往往效果有限，而多学科协作的综合治疗能够提高患者拔管成功率，缩短气管套管留置时间，加快患者康复进程。本文系统梳理了中、西医在脑卒中后气管切开患者拔管治疗中的应用，以期为提升临床拔管率、优化卒中后气道管理策略提供参考。

Abstract: Tracheotomy is an important clinical rescue method for patients with severe stroke. However, long-term indwelling of the cannula is prone to induce various complications, such as pulmonary infection, airway bleeding, tracheal stenosis and difficult extubation, which seriously affect the prognosis of patients. Early identification of complications and targeted intervention can help achieve early extubation and reduce the medical burden. At present, there is no unified standard for extubation treatment of patients with tracheotomy after stroke. The effect of a single treatment method is often limited. However, comprehensive treatment through multidisciplinary collaboration can increase the success rate of extubation, shorten the indwelling time of tracheal cannula, and accelerate the recovery process of patients. This article systematically reviews the application of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in extubation treatment for patients with tracheotomy after stroke, with the aim of providing references for improving the clinical extubation rate and optimizing airway management strategies after stroke.