数字经济下ESG驱动电商供应链协同优化路径研究

A Study on Pathways for ESG-Driven Collaborative Optimization of E-Commerce Supply Chains in the Digital Economy

摘要: 数字经济在显著提升电商供应链运行效率的同时，也使其环境负荷、社会责任履行与治理透明度面临系统性挑战。本文以ESG (环境、社会、治理)为分析框架，聚焦数字经济场景，系统剖析电商供应链在绿色物流、逆向物流、算法治理等环节存在的协同失灵问题。研究表明，数字技术赋能并未自动改善供应链ESG绩效，算法目标与可持续发展导向错位，可能导致“效率越高、环境与社会负担越重”的风险。为此本文提出应构建基于区块链与隐私计算的可信数据底座，重塑平台激励规则以引导绿色行为，打造循环经济闭环，并完善算法伦理治理机制。为电商平台、品牌企业及政策制定者协同治理和优化供应链ESG绩效、推动行业可持续发展提供理论支撑与实践指引。

Abstract: While the digital economy has significantly improved the operational efficiency of e-commerce supply chains, it has also created systemic challenges regarding their environmental impact, fulfillment of social responsibilities, and governance transparency. Using ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) as an analytical framework and focusing on digital economy scenarios, this paper systematically analyzes the coordination failures in e-commerce supply chains across green logistics, reverse logistics, and algorithmic governance. The research indicates that digital technology does not automatically improve supply chain ESG performance; misalignment between algorithmic objectives and sustainability goals may lead to the risk that “higher efficiency results in heavier environmental and social burdens.” Accordingly, this paper proposes the construction of a trusted data foundation based on blockchain and privacy-preserving computing, the reshaping of platform incentive rules to guide green behavior, the creation of a closed-loop circular economy, and the refinement of algorithmic ethical governance mechanisms. It provides theoretical support and practical guidance for e-commerce platforms, brand companies, and policymakers to collaboratively govern and optimize supply chain ESG performance and promote sustainable development in the industry.