高校毕业生慢就业概念、成因与治理对策的研究综述

A Literature Review on the Concept, Causes, and Governance Countermeasures of Delayed Employment among College Graduates

摘要: 大学生慢就业现象已成为社会和学界关注的热点之一。本研究基于计划行为理论框架，从慢就业的概念、成因影响因素及治理对策方面梳理了相关研究。综述发现：慢就业主要分为主动和被动两种类型，但目前测量方式较为单一；成因主要受个体、家庭、学校教育、经济及社会五个维度因素的综合影响；对于慢就业的应对和治理同样需要多个主体共同参与。最后，本研究就慢就业的研究范围、研究方法和治理对策提出未来研究展望。

Abstract: The phenomenon of delayed employment among college students has become one of the hot topics of concern in both society and academia. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework, this study reviews relevant research from the perspectives of the concept, causes, influencing factors, and governance countermeasures of delayed employment. The review reveals that delayed employment can be primarily categorized into two types: active and passive. However, current measurement methods are relatively singular. The causes are influenced by a combination of factors across five dimensions: individual, family, school education, economic, and societal. Addressing and managing delayed employment similarly requires the joint participation of multiple entities. Finally, this study proposes future research prospects regarding the research scope, research methods, and governance countermeasures for delayed employment.