芳香疗法治疗失眠的机制及应用研究进展

Research Advances in the Mechanism and Application of Aromatherapy in the Treatment of Insomnia

摘要: 失眠作为临床高发症状，不仅显著提升精神疾病的发病风险，长期睡眠剥夺还会引发认知功能减退、自主神经功能紊乱及免疫调节能力下降等多系统继发性损伤，严重损害患者的身心健康与生活质量。芳香疗法作为融合传统实践经验与现代科学原理的非药物干预手段，现已在睡眠障碍辅助治疗中得到广泛应用。本文系统归纳薰衣草、佛手柑、洋甘菊、远志等常用助眠性芳香植物的关键活性物质，重点综述芳香疗法改善失眠的作用机制，梳理近年来国内外相关临床应用与实证研究成果，客观评述该疗法在改善睡眠质量方面的应用价值及局限性，为临床失眠规范化非药物干预提供科学依据与实践参考。

Abstract: Insomnia, as a highly prevalent clinical symptom, not only significantly increases the risk of mental illness, but also leads to secondary damage across multiple systems through long-term sleep deprivation, including cognitive decline, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, and impaired immune regulation, severely compromising patients’ physical and mental health as well as their quality of life. Aromatherapy, as a non-pharmacological intervention that integrates traditional practical experience with modern scientific principles, is now widely used in the adjunctive treatment of sleep disorders. This article systematically summarizes the key active compounds in commonly used sleep-promoting aromatic plants, such as lavender, bergamot, chamomile, and polygala. It focuses on reviewing the mechanisms by which aromatherapy improves insomnia, compiles recent domestic and international clinical applications and evidence-based research findings, and objectively evaluates the therapeutic value and limitations of this approach in enhancing sleep quality. The study aims to provide scientific evidence and practical guidance for standardized non-pharmacological interventions in the clinical management of insomnia.