地下水封洞库施工中可伸缩式风管装置的设计与应用研究

Research on Design and Application of Retractable Air Duct Device in Underground Water-Sealed Cavern Construction

摘要: 针对地下水封洞库等地下工程在钻孔爆破法施工中，传统通风软管因紧邻掌子面而极易被爆破冲击波及施工机械损坏，导致通风效率低下、材料损耗严重、施工成本增加及安全隐患突出等问题，本文提出并设计了一种可重复使用的伸缩式风管系统。该系统由可轴向伸缩折叠的耐爆风管单元，与配套的滑轨式快速收放悬挂机构集成构成。在爆破作业前，风管可快速收缩至安全距离以规避冲击；爆破后，又可迅速伸展恢复通风。该设计显著降低了风管的非正常损耗率，实现了关键通风段风管的重复利用，保障了洞内特别是掌子面区域持续、稳定的高质量通风，从而提升了施工效率，降低了综合成本，并具有良好的安全与环境效益。在QZGC工程应用中表明，该系统是解决长距离、大断面、多工作面地下洞室群施工通风保障难题的有效技术创新，对推动隧道及地下工程施工技术的绿色化、高效化发展具有借鉴意义。

Abstract: In underground engineering projects such as underground water-sealed caverns constructed using the drill-and-blast method, traditional ventilation hoses are pro damage from blast shockwaves and construction machinery due to their proximity to the working face. This results in low ventilation efficiency, severe material loss, increased construction costs, and prominent safety. To address these issues, this paper proposes and designs a reusable telescopic ventilation duct system. The system integrates axially foldable blast-resistant duct units with a supporting rapid deployment and retraction mechanism featuring sliding tracks. Before blasting operations, the duct can be quickly retracted to a safe distance to avoid impact; after blasting, it can rapidly extend to restore ventilation. significantly reduces the abnormal loss rate of the ducts, enables the reuse of ducts in critical ventilation sections, and ensures continuous, stable, and high-quality ventilation within the caverns, particularly at the working face. Consequently, it improves construction efficiency, reduces overall costs, and offers favorable safety and environmental benefits. The application of this system in the demonstrates that it is an effective technological innovation for solving ventilation assurance challenges in the construction of long-distance, large-section underground cavern groups with multiple working faces, providing reference value for promoting green and efficient development of tunnel and underground engineering construction technologies.