积极老龄化视角下社区居家养老服务的优化路径研究

Research on the Optimization Path of Community Home-Based Elderly Care Services from the Perspective of Active Aging

摘要: 当前我国人口老龄化进程不断加快，老年人口规模持续扩大，传统家庭养老功能持续弱化，机构养老难以实现全面覆盖，社区居家养老凭借贴近生活、成本适宜、普惠性强等优势，成为我国养老服务体系的核心支撑。积极老龄化以健康、参与、保障为核心理念，强调老年人的健康维护、社会参与和权益保障，能够为社区居家养老服务的优化升级提供清晰方向。本文采用理论分析与文献研究方法，立足积极老龄化视角，阐释核心概念与理论内涵，梳理社区居家养老服务的发展现状，剖析服务供给、人才队伍、主体协同、精神服务、适老化保障等方面存在的现实问题。在此基础上，结合养老服务高质量发展要求，提出针对性的优化路径。研究表明，将积极老龄化理念融入服务全过程，有助于推动社区居家养老从被动照料转向主动健康、社会参与和尊严保障，对完善养老服务体系、提升老年群体生活质量具有重要意义。

Abstract: With the accelerating process of population aging in China, the scale of the elderly population continues to expand, the function of traditional family-based elderly care is constantly weakening, and institutional elderly care can hardly achieve full coverage. Community home-based elderly care has become the core support of China’s elderly care service system due to its advantages of being close to daily life, cost-effective and inclusive. Active aging, with health, participation and security as its core concepts, emphasizes the health maintenance, social participation and rights protection of the elderly, and can provide a clear direction for the optimization and upgrading of community home-based elderly care services. Using pure theoretical analysis and literature research methods, this paper, based on the perspective of active aging, explains the core concepts and theoretical connotations, sorts out the development status of community home-based elderly care services, and analyzes the practical problems existing in service supply, talent team, subject collaboration, spiritual services and aging-friendly security. On this basis, targeted optimization paths are proposed in combination with the requirements for the high-quality development of elderly care services. The research shows that integrating the concept of active aging into the whole process of services helps to promote community home-based elderly care from passive care to active health, social participation and dignity protection, which is of great significance for improving the elderly care service system and enhancing the quality of life of the elderly group.