老年人用药管理现状及对智能用药管理软件的需求调查分析

Survey and Analysis of the Current Status of Medication Management in the Elderly and Their Demand for Intelligent Medication Management Software

摘要: 目的：了解老年人的用药行为特征、常见问题及对智能用药管理软件的需求，为适老化健康产品设计提供依据。方法：对107名60岁及以上的老年人进行匿名问卷调查。问卷涵盖基本信息、用药行为、用药困难、小程序功能需求及界面偏好等维度。数据使用描述性统计进行处理。结果：调研显示，78.5%的受访老年人患有至少一种慢性病，68.2%每日需服用3种及以上药物，多重用药情况普遍。超过90%的受访者曾遭遇过至少一种用药问题，其中“忘记吃药”(58.9%)、“剂量错误”(41.1%)和“不清楚用法”(34.6%)最为突出。同时，高达92.5%的老年人在阅读药品说明书时存在困难，主要原因为“字体太小”(55.1%)和“内容复杂”(48.6%)。在工具需求方面，81.3%的受访者对使用用药管理小程序持开放态度，最期望的前三项功能为“自动提醒”(71.9%)、“用法展示”(65.4%)和“服药记录”(57.9%)。结论：老年人用药安全问题严峻，对一款界面极简、操作门槛低、具备核心提醒与教育功能的数字化管理工具存在明确且强烈的需求。

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to investigate the medication behavior characteristics, common problems, and needs for intelligent medication management software among older adults, providing a basis for the design of age-friendly health products. Methods: An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 107 individuals aged 60 years and above. The questionnaire covered dimensions, such as basic demographic information, medication behaviors, medication difficulties, functional requirements for mini-programs (apps), and interface preferences. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The survey revealed that 78.5% of the respondents suffered from at least one chronic disease, and 68.2% required taking three or more types of medication daily, indicating a high prevalence of polypharmacy. Over 90% of the participants had encountered at least one medication-related problem, with “forgetting to take medication” (58.9%), “dosage errors” (41.1%), and “unclear instructions for use” (34.6%) being the most prominent. Concurrently, 92.5% of the older adults experienced difficulties in reading medication package inserts, primarily due to “too small font size” (55.1%) and “complex content” (48.6%). Regarding tool requirements, 81.3% of the respondents were open to using a medication management mini-program. The top three most desired functions were “automatic reminders” (71.9%), “usage demonstrations” (65.4%), and “medication records” (57.9%). Conclusion: The medication safety issues among older adults are severe. There is a clear and strong demand for a digital management tool that features an extremely simple interface, low operational barriers, and core reminder and educational functions.