皮肌炎左心室损伤的超声心动图评价与 临床应用进展
Progress on Assessment and Clinical Application of Left Ventricular Injury in Dermatomyositis by Echocardiography
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1662385, PDF,   
作者: 朱慧琴：赣南医科大学第一临床医学院，江西 赣州；游宇光*：赣南医科大学第一附属医院超声医学科，江西 赣州
关键词: 皮肌炎；超声心动图；左心室功能；斑点追踪；心肌应变；Dermatomyositis； Echocardiography； Left Ventricular Function； Spot Tracking； Myocardial Strain
摘要: 皮肌炎(DM)是一种以横纹肌非化脓性炎症、特征性皮肤损害为核心表现的系统性自身免疫病，心脏是其重要的沉默受累器官，左心室损伤是DM心脏损害的主要类型，也是影响患者预后的关键因素。超声心动图凭借无创、可重复、实时成像的优势，成为DM左心室损伤筛查、评估与随访的关键手段。本文系统梳理DM心脏损害的类型与病理机制，阐述常规超声心动图(经胸超声、M型/二维超声、组织多普勒成像)对DM左心室结构与功能的评估价值，重点分析斑点追踪成像、无创心肌做功等超声新技术在DM亚临床左心室损伤、心肌力学及做功效率评价中的应用进展，对比不同技术的优势与局限，展望超声心动图在DM左心室损伤精准评估中的发展方向，为临床早期识别、分层管理DM心脏受累提供参考。
Abstract: Dermatomyositis (DM) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by non-suppurative inflammation of striated muscles and characteristic skin lesions. The heart is an important silent target organ of DM, and left ventricular injury is the main type of cardiac damage in DM, which is also a key factor affecting the prognosis of patients. Echocardiography has become the core method for screening, evaluation and follow-up of left ventricular injury in DM due to its advantages of non-invasiveness, repeatability and real-time imaging. This paper systematically sorts out the types and pathological mechanisms of cardiac damage in DM, expounds the evaluation value of conventional echocardiography (transthoracic echocardiography, M-mode/two-dimensional echocardiography, tissue Doppler imaging) on the structure and function of left ventricle in DM, focuses on analyzing the application progress of new ultrasound technologies such as speckle tracking imaging and non-invasive myocardial work in the evaluation of subclinical left ventricular injury, myocardial mechanics and work efficiency in DM, compares the advantages and limitations of different technologies, and looks forward to the development direction of echocardiography in the accurate evaluation of left ventricular injury in DM, so as to provide a reference for clinical early identification and stratified management of cardiac involvement in DM.
文章引用：朱慧琴, 游宇光. 皮肌炎左心室损伤的超声心动图评价与 临床应用进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(6): 1694-1702. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1662385

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